INTRODUCTION
For the first time in Lithuanian history, we present the War Chronicle of the Partisans in English and Lithuanian. Prepared by Algis Rupainis, this Chronicle is a day-by-day account of Lithuanian's resistance against occupying forces. The Chronicle reflects all partisan warfare throughout Lithuania. A few less meaningful events have been included because the volume of information available from various parts of Lithuania is uneven. If any disparity exists between sources, alternative accounts are shown in brackets [ ]. Abridged versions are also noted in brackets. Names have been revised according to official sources.
Administrative denomination of regions is shown as it appears in contemporary official sources. After each event, abbreviations are provided in full text.
Currently in English are published these parts (of IX) of Chronicle:
Part I (June of 1944 - End of 1944)
Part II (January of 1945 - June of 1945)
Part III (July of 1945 - End of 1945)
Part IV (January of 1946 - August of 1946)
Part V (September of 1946 - March of 1947)
Part VI (April of 1947 - March of 1948)
Part VII (April of 1948 - April of 1949)
CREDITS
Prepared: Algis Rupainis
A Special Thanks To: Voruta - Lithuanian Historical Weekly and Vartiklis. for permission to re-publish.
Lithuanian Website Design and Editing: Jonas Skendelis, [Lithuania], Volunteer, Lithuanian Global Resources
English Translation: Gintautas Kaminskas, [Australia] Volunteer, Lithuanian Global Resources
English Website Design and Editing: Sandra Souveskas [USA], Webmaster, Lithuanian Global Resources
Abbreviations
Abbre-
viation Meaning in Lithuanian Meaning in English
ALA Algimanto apygarda Algimantas Command
BDLS Bendrasis demokratinis Lietuvos sàjûdis General Democratic Union of Lithuania
BDPS Bendrasis demokratinio pasiprieðinimo sàjûdis General Democratic Resistance Movement
DA Dainavos apygarda Dainava Command
DKA Didþiosios Kovos apygarda Great Battle Command
DKR Didþiosios Kovos rinktinë Great Battle Special Team
GP Gynybos pajëgos Defence Forces
JKA Jungtinë Kæstuèio apygarda Joint Command of Kestutis
KA Kæstuèio apygarda Kestutis Command
KLT Karo Lauko teismas Court Martial
LF Lietuviø frontas Lithuanian Front
LGK Lietuvos gynimo komitetas Lithuanian Defence Committee
LIK Lietuvos iðlaisvinimo komitetas Lithuanian Liberation Committee
LIT Lietuvos iðlaisvinimo taryba Lithuanian Liberation Council
LLA
LLA OS
LLA SA
LLA VS
Lietuvos laisvës armija
OS - LLA Organizacinis sektorius (vëliau - organizacinis skyrius)
ÐA - 3-oji LLA Ðiaurës apygarda
VS - LLA Veikiantysis sektorius (Vanagai) Lithuanian Freedom Army
OS -LLA Organisational Sector (later - Organisational Section)
SA - 3rd LLA Northern Command
VS -LLA Active Sector (Vanagai - "Hawks")
LLKS Lietuvos laisvës kovotojø sàjûdis Lithuanian Freedom Fighters' Union
LPS Lietuvos partizanø sàjunga Lithuanian Partisans' Union
LTT Lietuviø tautinë taryba Lithuanian National Council
PA Prisikëlimo apygarda Revival Command
PL Pietø Lietuva South Lithuania
PLP Pietø Lietuvos partizanai South Lithuanian Partisans
RA Raudonoji armija Red Army
RL Rytø Lietuva East Lithuanian
SRL Ðiaurës Rytø Lietuva Northwest Lithuania
TA Tauro apygarda Tauras Command
TAR Tëvynës apsaugos rinktinë Homeland Defence Special Team
TGS Tautos gelbëjimo sàjunga National Assistance Union
VA Vytauto apygarda Vytautas Command
VEA VÈA - Vyèio apygarda Vytis Command
VGPS VGPÐ - Vyriausiasis ginkluotøjø pajëgø ðtabas Supreme Armed Forces Command
PGPV Vyriausioji ginkluotøjø pajëgø vadovybë Supreme Armed Forces Leadership
VL Vakarø Lietuva West Lithuania
VLIK Vyriausiasis Lietuvos iðlaisvinimo komitetas Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania
VLKSO Vieningos laisvës kovos sàjûdþio organizacija United Freedom Fight Movement
Organisation
ZA ÞA - Þemaièiø apygarda Samogitian Command
ZL ÞA - Þemaièiø legionas Samogitian Legion
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"We were forced to go out and defend our country, our farms, the very land splashed with the blood of our
forefathers. Human dignity obligated us to resist the trampling of our human rights, to resist servitude. We cannot
accept the lies, the deceit, the perversion of truth and other evils harmful to our nation. Our efforts are
praiseworthy. We have truth on our side and are justified in the eyes of the civilized world. The Almighty will
bless and support our struggle."
J. Kasperavicius
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War Chronicle of the Partisans
June 24, 1944
General M. Peciulionis publishes a proclamation to establish a Defence Command or "Special Defence
Teams" consisting of approximately 35 men to be attached to local headquarters of each region.
LKA 11-49. VV
July 9 1944
General M. Peciulionis, the only remaining member of the VLIK War Council, begins to organise resistance
to the occupation of Lithuania.
L-124. VV
July 13, 1944
The Red Army [RA] occupies Vilnius.
LPK-13. OK
July 15 1944
KGB [State Security Committee] operatives in the Lithuanian SSR arrive in Vilnius.
LPK-38. OK
July 17, 1944: Siauliai
General M. Peciulionis ("Bushman") [Miskinis] signs Military Order #1: If it is impossible to stop the Red
Army, LLA forces are to conceal their weapons and join the underground resistance.
L-124.260.LK-57. VV
July 20, 1944
Military Order #21: The LLA is to be divided into two sectors:
The Operational Sector [VS] and
The Organisational Sector [OS - or the Reserve].
Captain A. Karalius is appointed head of the OS and A. Eidimtas the deputy leader of LLA.
L-124.260.LK-57. VV
July 24, 1944
The Central Committee of the LKP [Lithuanian Communist Party], without withdrawing personnel from
normal duties, creates regional "destroyer battalions" by activating party-soviet cadres, Communist Youth
members, NKVD [milicy], and Red Army personnel.
[LKA 17-94, LPK-329].
Summer, 1944: Town of Batakiai, District of Taurage
Led by Germans, LLL Intelligence Training Camps begin operations. The leader of the Lithuanian group is P.
Ceponis [Leonas]. As the Russian-German front approaches, armed Lithuanians begin to wage partisan
warfare.
RZ-50. KA
Summer of 1944
The first partisan units from Suvalkija are formed and leaders are selected as follow:
Captain S. Staniskis-Antanaitis: Paliu forest of Marijampole
Lieutenant M. Kuzmickis-Briedis: Prienu district
A. Abromaitis-Spyglis: Forests of Kazlu Ruda
V. Gavenas-Vampyras: District of Marijampole-Kija
LKA 1-3. TA
August 1, 1944
The 4th Riflemen's Division of the USSR's NKVD Army, under the command of Major-General P. Vetrov,
commence military operations in Lithuania.
AL-160. OK
August 1, 1944
Occupying forces begin to mobilize military units; Lithuanian men born between 1908-1926 are subject to
conscription.
AL-160, LKA 17-5. OK
August 3, 1944: Siesikai in the District of Ukmerge
Opening fire on occupied regional administration buildings, the combined partisan units of J. Dovydenas and
H. Sembergas attack Siesikai.
LKA 10-6. VEA
August, 1944: Atkociunai village in the Ukmerge district [Deltuva County].
Leaders of the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] gather. The Ukmerge district is divided into 6 LLA regions.
The 1st LLA Region [Counties of Pagiriai, Siesikai, and part of Deltuva county] falls under the command of
Lieutenant D. Vaitelis. The 2nd LLA Region [Taujenai county and part of Deltuva county] is commanded by
Captain J. Taponis. The Vytis Command is formed from these regions.
L-315, LKA 10-5. VEA
August, 1944
General M. Peciulionis, LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army], Lieutenant K. Veverskis, and engineer Snarskis
establish the LGK [Lithuanian Defence Committee] to provide leadership to all partisan units actively involved in
Lithuanian resistance.
L-125. LKA 14-10. VV
August, 1944: District of Telsiai, near Plateliai
The Hawks [Vanagai] begins active resistance from command posts in the village of Skirpsiai, the county of
Alsedziai, and the farmstead of A. Pocius.
LKA 7-46. ZA
August 15-17, 1944: District of Zarasai
The Hawk's [Vanagai's] leader, Captain A. Kazanas, together with A. Streikus and his sons Izidorius and
Juozapas, gather 150-350 armed volunteers and attack the Zarasai jail to liberate wrongfully imprisoned
Lithuanians.
L-239. (LKA 14-51. LKA 16-68). VA
August 19, 1944: District of Zarasai
The partisan unit of V. Sutas disarms the Soviet militia of Antaliepte, seizing 8 automatic rifles, 10 grenades
and a large quantity of ammunition.
LKA 14-58
End of August 1944: Trakai, Ukmerge district, and Musninkai county
The partisan teams of:
J. Misiunas,
A. Galinis, The Black Mask Unit [Juodoji Kauke],
E. Kavaliauskas, The Clown Unit [Klounas], and
Z. Kacevicius, The Woodpecker Unit [Genys]
are active in the area of Trakai. By September, the squad has a name: The Great Battle Special Team
[Didziosios kovos rinktine - DKR]. Their leader, J. Misiunas, is known as The Green Devil [Zalias Velnias].
D. L-325, VDr. DKA
August 31, 1944: Zarasai district of Antazaves county, between the villages of Maniuliskiai and Lygalaukiiai
A group of partisans led by A. Streikus ambush the enemy, seriously injuring P. Timofejev, the Soviet militia
chief of Antazaves county, a militia man, and 2 Soviet soldiers.
LKA 14-53. LKA 16-74
September 1-6, 1944: Alytus District
Armed enemy units perform massive searches on farmsteads and in forests, detaining approximately 500
Lithuanian men for conscription.
LKA 17-5. DA
September 4, 1944: Siesikai county in the Ukmerge District
Partisans assume command of the militia headquarters and administrative centre and destroy vital documents.
L-325. 491. VEA
September 9, 1944: On the road between Pagiriai and Ukmerge
Partisans ambush and kill A. Dambrauskas, [Supreme Soviet Deputy of the LSSR and secretary of the
Communist party for the county of Pagiriai and Vasiliauskas], the President of the area Communist party, and
the district LLKJS [Communist Youth] committee secretary in Ragauskaite.
AKL-28. VEA
September 13, 1944: Merkine county of the Alytus district near the village of Bugoniai
Approximately 100 men gather to form two armed resistance units. Partisans select Julius Mikalonis and
Jonas Kudarauskas, both from the village of Klepociai, as their leaders.
L-188. DA
September 15, 1944: District of Alytus
Partisans, active in the counties of Alove and Merkine, assemble. Led by A. Krajauskas, they form a plan to
capture enemy weapons.
B. L-187. LKA 17-5. DA
September 1944
B. Zinkevicius-Skudutis assembles a group of 18 sworn LLA (Lithuanian Freedom Army) partisans from
Saldutiskis county in the Svencionys district.
LKA 16-19. VA
Autumn 1944: County of Onuskis, Trakai district
Led by Jonas Matukevicius ("The Wolf") [Vilkas], a group of 40 partisans disrupt enemy activities in the
area.
L-188, LKA 17-9. DA
October 1, 1944: Dusetai county of Zarasai district
An 18-man partisan group, under the leadership of J. Savickas, is attacked by NKVD troops. In the fighting,
Savickas is killed, his brother and several other partisans captured.
LKA 16-70. VA
October 7, 1944: Mazeikiai district near Seda
Approximately 100 members of the TAR [Homeland Defence Special Team] are killed while engaged in
combat with the Red Army on the German-USSR front.
KVP.A
October, 1944: Town of Vadokliai, district of Ukmerge
A partisan unit led by P. Kecorius captures the town and liberates six local residents who had been placed
under arrest.
L-321, 491. VEA
October 22, 1944
The Tigers [Tigras] special team of the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] is formed. Operating in the districts
of Zarasai, Svencionys and Utena, their leader is L. Vilutis [Arunas]. The officer-in-charge at headquarters is J.
Bulka ("Diamond") [Deimantas], president of the War Tribunal is Father P. Liutkus ("Black Peter") [Juodasis
Petras]. On October 23, a total of 13 squads are formed.
va 4. 489. LKA 16-7. 130. LPK-497. VL-115. VA
October 26, 1944: Birzai district
Partisans liberate 48 wrongfully imprisoned Lithuanians from the guard house.
L-23. 491. VEA
September through December 1944: Zarasai district
20 active partisan units are led by P.Zemaitis, J. Zavackas, V. Sutas, M. Medinis ("The Bear"} ["Lokys"], A.
Ivaska, K. Ramanauskas, A. Slapsinskas, J. Savickas, M. Paskonis ("Don Quijote") [Don Kichotas] and
others.
LKA 16-68. VA
November 10, 1944: Town of Valkininkai in the district of Trakai
A partisan unit led by S. Aleksa attacks Valkininkai. The president of the local Communist committee is
wounded and enemy government buildings set ablaze.
L-23. 481. KDK. LKA 17-14. DA
November 11, 1944: Town of Onuskis in the district of Trakai
A partisan unit led by J. Matukevicius ("The Wolf") [Vilkas] seizes command of Onuskis, destroying the
militia building.
KDK. L-23. LKA 17-14. DA
November, 1944
Mykolas Kazanas, on orders from his father, Captain A. Kazanas, journeys to the forests of Antazave to
unite the Zarasai district partisans.
LKA 16-72. VA
November, 1944: Near the fortress-hill of Ginuciai, in the county of Ignalina
The first armed encounter between the Tiger Special Team of the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] and the
occupying forces ensues under the command of Lieutenant J. Gimzauskas ("Birch")[Berzas]. There are no
partisans casualties. Encouraged by their success, the partisans, under the command of J. Tumenas, attack
Alanta in the district of Utena, setting fire to the communist party building and the KGB garrison. According to
eye-witness accounts, 13 soviet activists are killed.
L-295. 489. LKA 16-7. 8. VL-131. VA
November 17, 1944: Alsedziai county in the district of Telsiai
Trained by German military intelligence, A. Kubilius, together with 4 friends, parachute into Alsedziai county.
His mission: re-established the organisational structure of the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army], later known as
the Zhemaitijan Legion.
LKA 15-293. LKA 18-17. 57. ZA
November 22, 1944
A direct order is issued to troops of the Hawks' [Vanagai] brigade: provisions will first be requisitioned from
state farms then from enemies of the Lithuanian nation. Only as a last resort will provisions be requested from
ordinary Lithuanian citizens. Then, only after a receipt is issued.
L-83. VV
End of 1944: Kelme county of Raseiniai district
A special team headquarters for the Vegele group is created in Kelme. Leaders include P. Podolskis and A.
Zaskevisius.
L-235. 485. LKA 12-6. KA
End of 1944
P. Paulaitis and V. Gudavisius activate the Echo [Aidas] partisan group comprised of members from the LF
[Lithuanian Front] and Union of Defenders of Lithuanian Freedom [Lietuvos laisves gynejo sajungos], who are
active in the Jurbarkas area from 1941-1944. This group is to become the nucleus of The Lithuanian Freedom
Fighters Special Team [Lietuvos laisves gynejo rinktine].
L-234. RZ-43. 44. KA
End of 1944
Partisan groups active in the Simonys grove and Troskunai forests of Panevezys district, incorporated into
larger units. The most active organisers and fighters are the Slucka brothers [Antanas, Bronius and Stasys], the
Stanevisius brothers [Jonas, Albertas and Vytautas], A. Pasmokis, P. Tunkevisius, S. Josys, Aviation Lieutenant
V. Girdenis, Lieutenant A. Malinauskas ("Dapple") [Margis] and Lieutenant Laplovas ("Oak")[Azuolas].
PAK. ALA
December, 1944: Ukmerge district
The VEA [Vytis Command] is formed from the 1st and 2nd LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] brigades.
There are four units with about 250 fighters; the leaders are J. Kristaponis, D. Vaitelis, A. Vaiciunas, and J.
Pozeceka. The officer-in-command is J. Kristaponis, his adjutant Lieutenant D. Vaitelis ("Moose") [Briedis].
Members of the headquarters staff are Lieutenant A. Danyla [Kernius], B. Eglinskas [Saulius], M. Smetona
[Ripka], J. Dambrauskas, J. Survila [Sarunas"], B. Kadzys [Vytautas].
L-315. LKA 10-5. (L-491. G-154). VEA
End of 1944: Raseiniai district
Approximately 19 partisan groups are active in the area, having recruited approximately 2,000 men.
L-235. LKA 12-7. KA
December 1, 1944
Partisans led by A. Eidintas capture Seredzius. Nine county activists are killed, numerous prisoners released.
One partisan is killed. On June 7-8, 1945, the partisans once again capture Seredzius.
AKL-21. L-23. 485. RZ-60. KA
December 3, 1944
The Lithuanian Communist Party and the Council of "People's" Commissars of the LSSR order the creation
of approximately 30-40 destroyer [stribai] units from Soviet activists in each county of the LSSR.
LKA 17-94. LPK-332. OK
December 4-5, 1944: Town of Girkalnis, district of Raseinia
A partisan group led by A. Stasaitis attacks Girkalnis, disrupting the conscription of men into the Soviet Army
and liberating prisoners. A local communist official is killed.
L-235. 486. LKA 12-7. RZ-60. KA
December 7, 1944: Eisiskes
Thirty-one prisoners are liberated
L-23. DA
December 8, 1944: Butrimonys in the district of Alytus
Lead by P. Paulauskas [Sarunas], a group of partisans attack and free 6 imprisoned Lithuanians.
KDK. L-481. LKA 17-15. DA
December 10, 1944
The LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] issues Battle Tactics Order # 4: Liquidate only the most dangerous
Soviet State officials and warn others [Soviets] not to carry out their duties.
L-24. LK-67. VV
December 12, 1944: Panemunis in the district of Rokiskis
Partisans assume command of Panemunis.
L-23. VA
December 15, 1944
The Bear [Lokys] Brigade of the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] is formed from partisans who have been
active in Dusetai, Kriaunai, and Obeliai counties of Zarasai district as well as parts of the Antazave district. Their
leader is Mykolas Kazanas [Mutka or Siaubas], his adjutant B. Galvonas. Headquarters is located in the pine
forest of Antazave. The first issue of the newspaper Independence [Nepriklausomybe] is published.
L-293. 489. LKA 16-72. VA
December 15, 1944: Town of Grinkiskis in the district of Kedainiai
Partisans assume control of Grinkiskis.
L-23. 488. KA
December, 1944: The forests of Balbieriskis in the district of Marijampole.
A group of partisans, led by V. Raskauskas, continues paritisan activities.
December, 1944
The special Tigers ["Tigras"] team of The LLA is augmented by a 12-man paratroops team trained by the
Germans. Dropped into the forests of the district of Svencionys, their leader is J. Basys [Putinas].
LKA 16-8. 9. LKA 18-41. VA
December, 1944: The forests of Burbiskis in the district of Zarasai
A 24-man partisan unit under the command of Lieutenant A. Slapsinskas, is attacked by Soviet forces and
defeated. Slapsinskas and 5 freedom-fighters are killed, numerous partisans are taken prisoner. Some freedom-
fighters escape to join other units.
LKA 14-54. VA
December 16, 1944: Cekiske county of Kaunas district
In an 8 hour battle, partisans kill 3 NKVD agents and injure 6. To avenge the loss, from December 17
through December 21, Soviet agents incinerate 29 farmsteads in the villages of Butkiskiai, Vosbutai, Baukiai and
Juodaiciaio. 56 people are killed, 68 arrested.
AL-198. KA
December 16, 1944: A pine forest in the county of Krakiai in the Kedainys district
Approximately 300 partisans fight throughout the day under the command of V. Pabarcius. They defend their
fortified camp against the Soviet attack. Partisans from the forests of Paliepiai under the command of Captain K.
Bendzius and the Linden Hill [Liepkalnis] group, led by A. Sibicius, aid the group. Approximately 80-90 men
and officers of the enemy force are killed. V. Pabarcius is forced to withdraw to the forests of Lenciai.
L-18, MK2-88. KA
November 11 to December 22, 1944: Panevezys district
Three groups of German-trained paratroops are dropped into the area. The leaders are Lieutenant A. Silas
{"Raven"} [Kovas], Lieutenant V. Jazokas [Petraitis] and Lieutenant S. Girdziunas ("May") [Geguzis]. Later,
these groups form the basis for the 3rd command of Siaures LLA [Northern Lithuanian Freedom Army].
LKA 10-10. LKA 18-40. 41. SA
December 25-26, 1944: In the forest of Burbiskis in the county of Anyksciai
Soviet troops attack a combined partisan division composed of men from units in AnyksSiai, Kurkliai,
Kavarskas and Skiemonys. The division is led by Lithuanian Army Warrant Officer Kazys Tyla. The partisans
flee to the forests of Ramuldava and break-up into small groups. On April 28th, 1945, Kazys Tyla is captured
by the enemy, forced to wade into Rubikiai Lake, and gunned down.
TRr. RL
December 26-27, 1944: The pine forest of Antazave in Zarasai district
The Soviet's army surrounds the partisans of the Bear's [Lokys] special team. After a day of battle, 85
partisans are able to escape under the cover of darkness. J. Kairys is killed, M. Kazanas injured. There are
differing accounts on the number of injuries sustained by the enemy. After the battle, the remaining partisans
separate, remaining relatively inactive throughout the winter.
DL-29. L-293. (L-489. LKA 16-73.) VA
December 28, 1944: Kaunas district near Raudondvaris
LLA (Lithuanian Freedom Army) partisan leader K. Veverskis ("Senior") [Senis] is killed in action.
L-126. 261. LK-621. RZ 50. VV
End of 1944; Early 1945: County of Siluva, Raseiniai district
The Zebenkstis special team is formed. Elected leaders are: J. Zemaitis ("Songster"-"Dainius"), J. Ceponis
("Watchful" -"Budrys"), and and P. Bartkus. Sixty armed men are placed under their command.
L-234. LKA 12-6. KA
January 8, 1945: The pine forest of Antazave in the district of Zarasai
As the Bear's special team, under the command of V. Kuzma ("Bewitched") [Uzburtuolis], withdraws from
the forest, they encounter enemy troops near the village of Barsenai. In the attempt to flee across frozen Sartai
Lake, 9 partisans are lost. V. Kuzma and 3 other partisans manage to escape.
DL-32. LKA 16-73
January 12, 1945: The forest of Uzulenis in the county of Taujenai, the Ukmerge district
In a battle with NKVD troops, the leader of the VEA [Vytis Command], J. Kristaponis, together with 23
partisans, perish at the hands of the Soviet army. 80 Soviet soldiers are killed in battle.
L-491. LKA 10-7. MK2-145. VEA.
January 15, 1945
The DKR [Great Battle Special Team], which previously had about 500 fighters in 7 groups, is restructured
into the 5th division of LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] and assigned to the Vilnius command of the LLA, now
re-established. When the command headquarters in Vilnius is destroyed, regional order-of-command turns into
shambles.
L-325. 326. . 74 VDr. DKA.
January, 1945: The village of Troskunai
Partisans from the districts of Troskunai, Viesintai, Simonys, Anyksciai, Kavarskas, Traupys, Taujenai and
Raguva gather to form special teams [Sarunas] led by Lieutenant A. Slucka [Sarunas] and assisted by
Lieutenant V. Girdenis ("The Pilot") [Lakunas] and Lieutenant A. Laplovas ("The Oak")[Azuolas].
Approximately 22 men are involved. After the meeting, partisans assume control of Troskunai without
resistance.
PAK ALA
January 1945: The forest of Birbiliskes, Gaure county, Taurage district
Partisans led by A. Jonikas [Rolandas] are attack by Soviet troops. While exact numbers are not know,
many partisans are killed in battle. The enemy assumes control of the area.
GM-188. 189. LKA 18-267. KA.
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War Chronicle of the Partisans: Part II
January, 1945: Town of Silavotas, District of Marijampole
Partisans assume control of Silavotas. A second assault on Silavotas is organised by Kuzmickas
["Moose"-"Briedis"], leader of the Prienai group. Tenative attack date: February 1945.
DP-78, 80, 81, L-161, 478. TA.
January 31, 1945: Town of Gudeliai, District of Marijampole
Partisans attack Gudeliai, liberate prisoners, and destroy county documents.
KDK, L-481. TA.
Early January, 1945
Senior Lieutenant D. Vaitelis [“Moose"-"Briedis] assumes command of VEA [Vytis Command]. J. Survila
[Sarunas] and Lieutenant. P. Blieka serve as adjutants.
L-491. VEA.
Early January, 1945: Town of Pagiriai, District of Ukmerge
VEA leader D. Vaitelis declares an amnesty for the "destroyers" [stribai] active in Pagiriai. Thirty-two armed
“destroyers” escape Pagiriai; some join J. Dambrauskas partisan group. L-321, 491, LKA 10-8. VEA.
Early January, 1945
The Vytautas special team is organised under the leadership of V. Gavenas [“Vampire”-"Vampyras"].
Assigned territories include the Counties of Marijampole, Kalvarija and Liubavas in the District of Marijampole
and the Counties of Alvitas, Keturvalakiai, Bartininkai, Kybartai, Pajavonis, Grapiskiai, Vistyciai and Vilkaviskis
in the District of Vilkaviskis.
LBD-185. TA.
Early January, 1945: County of Leipalingis, District of Lazdijai
A combined unit of approximately 60 partisans, under the command of Lieutenant Boleslovas Simkonis
[Sarunas] continues covert activities in Leipalingis county.
L-188. DA.
Early January, 1945: Zemaitija (Samogitia)
A group of 117 terrorists, led by NKVD Senior Lieutenant Sichov, is active in Zemaitija (Samogitia).
Impersonating Lithuanian partisans, they murder local villagers, hoping to compromise the partisan cause.
RP-11. OK.
Early February 1, 1945: Village of Meskyne, County of Turgeliai
A group of Polish partisans, under the command of Komar, disarm and kill 6 Soviet "destroyers" [stribai].
Along with the "destroyers", a militiaman from Turgeliai is murdered.
AKL-61
February 5, 1945: Near the Village of Maeiunai, County of Kapciamiestis, District of Lazdijai
Lieutenant B. Simkonis ["Sarunas"] and 6 freedom-fighters are killed by an NKVD armed unit.
LKA 17-16. DA.
February 8, 1945: County of Onuskis, District of Trakai.
Partisan units of V. Voveris ["Lightning"-"Zaibas"], A. Kuslys ["Wolf"-"Vilkas"] and J. Jakubavicius
["Rye"-"Rugys"] are attack by "destroyers" [stribai] and NKVD forces at the battle of Migucionys. 7 [possibly
9] partisans and 17 [possibly 20] Soviet soldiers die. After the battle, NKVD forces and "destroyers" murder
11 villagers and torch 15 farmsteads.
L-217, 481, KDK, (ALK-74, Al-232, LKA 17-15). DA.
February 9, 1945
J. Paleckis, M. Gedvilas and A. Snieckus, speaking for the Lithuanian SSR, offer "amnesty" to any partisan
who surrenders to Soviet authorities. Those who did not capitulate will face "a despicable death" and their
parents, wives, brothers and sisters would carry "eternal shame." The "amnesty" was repeated on May 31,
1945.
ALK. OK.
February 12, 1945: The Town of Miroslavas, District of Alytus
A partisan group led by A. Kuslys ["Wolf"-"Vilkas"] assume control of Miroslavas, eliminating 12
"destroyers", 2 militiamen and 3 communist activists. The group proceeds to torch several government buildings.
KDK, L-24, 481, LKA 17-15, 114, LPK-462. DA.
February 15, 1945: The Forest of Lenciai, Near the Village of Graubai, County of Krakiai, District of
Kedainiai
V. Pabarcius and 21 partisans are killed in a skirmish with Soviet troops in the forest of Lenciai.
L-376, MK2-102. KA.
February 15, 1945
Senior Lieutenant M. Kareckas ["Keistenis" - AKA: "Black Currant"-"Serbentas"] assumes command of the
5th LLA region, changing its name to the LLA 5th Command. J. Misiunas ["Green Devil"-"Zalias Velnias"] is
appointed adjutant. Assistants include:
J. Urbonavicius ["Dreamer"-"Svajunas"]: Head of Headquarters & Operations Section
S. Misiunas ["Senior"-"Senis"]: Responsible Authority, Weapons Section
E. Kavaliauskas ["Clown"-"Klounas"]: Organisation
D. Mataciunas ["Jasmin"-"Jazminas"]: Military Intelligence
J. Zvirblis ["Thorn"-"Dagilis"]: Counter-Espionage
J. Markulis ["Ghost" - "Vaiduoklis"]: Agitation and Propaganda
Father L. Puzonas: Army Chaplain of the Command
L-326, VDr. DKA.
February 1945
The 3rd LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] Northern Command is formed to operate in the northern half of
the Panevezys district. Lieutenant S. Girdziunas ["May"-"Geguzis"] assumes command. His assistant and officer
-in-charge of headquarters is Lieutenant V. Jazokas ["Peter's Son"-"Petraitis"]. 500 men fall under their
command. Individual teams consisting of approximately 20 freedom fighters each are created. DL-4, PPS. SA.
February 1945
An estimated 200 partisans, led by J. Misiunas ["Green Devil"-"Zalias Velnias"], skirmish with an NKVD
unit. Reports indicate 20 partisans are killed.
L-329, 493. DKA.
February 20, 1945: Panevezys Railway Station
Partisans of the VEA [Vytis Command] attack Panevezys Railway Station.
L-25. VEA.
February 21, 1945: Village of Liepakojai, County of Simnas, District of Alytus
Without warning, NKVD troops attack partisans of the Kestutis group in the Village of Liepakojai and
execute approximately 20 partisans, including the group's leader, A. Kuslys ["Wolf"-"Vilkas"].
LPK-468. DA.
February 23, 1945: Town of Rudamina, District of Lazdijai
A reported 200 partisans attack Rudamina and kill 7 "destroyers." Political prisoners are liberated and
weapons are seized from the NKVD magazine [arsenal].
L-24, 481, LKA 17-15. DA.
February 23, 1945: Near the Village of Kancenai, County of Daugai, District of Alytus
Partisans led by V. Voveris ["Lightning"-"Zaibas"] lay an ambush near the village of Kancenai. 9 local
"destroyers" are killed.
LKA 17-15. DA.
February 24-25, 1945: Telsiai Headquarters of The LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army)
The First Samogitian (Zemaiciu) Legion (ZL) holds an organisation meeting. Beginning in March, the Legion's
leader will be A. Kubilius [Balys]. The ZL will operate in the districts of Telsiai, Kretinga, Mazeikiai and
Taurage.
L-262, 487, LKA 7-46, LPK-684. PA.
February 28, 1945: Village of Panara, County of Merkine, District of Alytus
A partisan unit led by Lieutenant K. Lukosiunas [Lukosius] engages NKVD troops in battle near the Village
of Panara. They [the partisans] make an orderly retreat to Paliamiskis. Lieutenant Lukosiunas and 3 [possibly 7]
freedom-fighters are killed.
L-217, LKA 17-16 (L-482), LKA 5-97.DA.
Early March, 1945: Village of Panara, County of Merkine, District of Alytus
A. Eidimtas [Pybartas], leader of the Lithuanian Freedom Army contacts LIT [The Lithuanian Liberation
Council]. A new unit in Kaunas is created to coordinate both armed and unarmed resistance and a decision
made: LIT
[L. Dambrauskas and M. Bloznelis] will play the leading role in political activity, LLA will concentrate on
partisan military actions.
LLA BLP. VV.
Around March 11-14, 1945: The Grove of Labanoras, Forest of Kiauneliskis, County of Saldutiskis, District
of Svencionys
A battle begins in the grove of Labanoras. NKVD troops surround the fortified field headquarters of the
Tiger's [Tigras] special team and murder a minimum of 73 [possibly 83] partisans in a group led by A. Krivickas
[Romelis]. Casualties include Major Kirvis, officer in command of headquarters, and A. Jursys [Vytenis], the
group’s leader. Many NKVD troops are killed [estimates unavailable].
AL-220 (LKA 16-9), (L-489), (L-352), (LKA 14-60). VA.
March, 1945: District of Ukmerge, County of Vepriai, Near the Village of Gudeliai [Gudoniai]
Paratroop Captain Z. Raulinis creates LPS [The Lithuanian Partisans' Union], nucleus of the Gediminas unit.
Major Rapaitis [Gediminas] is named commander.
L-295, LKA 18-60. VA.
March 2-20, 1945: Village of Gudeliai [Concurrent to Above]
60 or 70 partisans of the 5th LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] command clash with NKVD troops and
“destroyers”. Estimated partisan casualties range from 19 to 36. A significant number of the enemy are killed
[figures unavailable].
L-329, 493, VDr, (GK). DKA.
March 25, 1945: The Town of Punia, District of Alytus
Partisans occupy Punia and execute the chairman of the local communist government.
LKA 17-15. DA.
March 27, 1945: The Forests of Azagai and Eimuliskis, District of Panevezys
A major battle occurs in Panevezys district. Approximately 70 partisans and 400 soldiers from the Vetrov
division are killed. PPS VEA.
March 27, 1945: County of Musninkai, District of Ukmerge
Headquarters of the 5th LLA (Lithuanian Freedom Army) command at Ciobiskis is destroyed. Casualties
include J. Markulis ["Ghost"-"Vaiduoklis"] and V. Marcinauskas ["Crust"-"Pluta"]. S. Misiunas
["Senior"-"Senis"] and V. Akunis ["Squirrel"-"Voveris"] are arrested. Commissioned officer A. Zepkus
["Mound"-"Piliakalnis"] assumes command as officer in charge of headquarters and E. Svilas ["Plum"-"Slyva"] is
put in charge of agitation and propaganda.
L-326, VDr. DKA.
March, 1945
The Green [Zalioji] special team is formed to operate in the Districts of Radviliskis, Pakruojis, Seduva,
Baisiogala and Smilgiai. Key staff members include:
Designated Leader: Captain I. Pucevicius [Radvila]
Deputy Lieutenant: P. Blieka
Adjutant: A. Piekus [Balsys]
Chronicler: V. Vysniauskas.
The special team nucleus consists of approximately 100 fighters stationed in the forests of Radviloniai and
Liaudiskiai.
LKA 8-4, 5, LKA 10-27. ALA.
Spring, 1945
Approximately 30,000 partisans are active in Lithuania.
DP-516, L-368. VV.
April 4, 1945: Village of Kabeliai, District of Varena,
A. Valentukevicius ["Peony"-"Bijunas], leader of the partisans in the village of Kabeliai, invites Colonel J.
Vitkus ["Son of Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"] to lead the partisans.
LKA 9-9, 55. DA.
April 12, 1945: County of Gudeliai, District of Marijampole
Lieutenant M. Kuzmickas ("Moose") [Briedis] leads the partisans of Budninkai in battle. One partisan and a
nurse,
M. Senavaityte [Mirta], are killed. Many NKVD operatives die [no estimates available].
Within a few days, M. Kuzmickas is killed in an ambush near the Village of Pabrasciai, County of
Balbieriskis.
DP-82, L-161, LBD-180, 181, 222, 223, LK-593, LKA 9-89, LKA 17-10. TA.
April 13, 1945: Near the Village of Reskutenai, County of Kaltanenai, District of Svencionys
A group of partisans from the Tiger special team, lead by Kamarauskas [Karijotas], trounce a group of
“destroyers.” 11 casualties are reported including 2 NKVD functionaries, Lieutenant Majorov, and the NKVD
Chief of Kaltanenai County.
LKA 16-56. VA.
April 14, 1945: In the Forest of Kaugonys, County of Vievis, District of Trakai
M. Kareckas ["Red Current"-"Serbentas"], leader of the 5th LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army], is killed. J.
Misiunas ["Red Devil"-"Zalias Velnias] assumes command of 28 squads with a total of approximately 400-500
fighters. New command headquarters is established in the Village of Bedaliai.
L-326, 493, VDr. DKA.
April 1945: District of Zarasai, near Antazave and Suviekas
M. Kazanas ["Terror"-"Siaubas"] and A. Streikus ["Tommy"-"Tamosiukas"] in Zarasai District activate the
Bear [Lokys] special unit. Key staff members include:
M. Kazanas: Leader
J. Striekus ["Bison"-"Stumbras"]: Company Commander
B. Vaicenas ["Liubartas"]: Company Commander
B. Pupeikis ["Aurochs"-"Tauras"]
LKA 14-56, LKA 16-75.VA.
April 1945:
The Samogitian (Zemaiciu) Legion (ZL) now consists of 4 units:
Wolf organisation [Vilkas]: Headquarters: Plunge. Assigned operational area: District of Telsiai
Fox organisation [Lape]: Assigned operational area: District of Kretinga
Hawks company [Vanagai] Headquarters: Seda. Assigned operational area: District of Mazeikiai
Hawks team [Vanagai] Headquarters: County of Sveksna, District of Taurage.
BLÞ. ÞA.
April 1945
Leaders of the The LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] and LIT [Lithuanian Liberation Council] include A.
Eidimtas, A. Kubilius, L. Dambrauskas, and M. Bloznelis.
L-126, LPK-684, BLP. VV.
April 1945: Southern Dzukija
The Sarunas Special Team is formed in Southern Dzukija. Senior Lieutenant V. Gontis [Alseika] leads the 6
detachments, each with approximately 120 fighters [a total of 720 partisans]. Headquarters is established in the
grove of Puscia, Leipalingis County.
KDK, L-191, 482. DA.
Spring, 1945: County of Salakas County, District of Zarasai
A partisan unit of 70 freedom-fighters is led by A. Juodka.
LKA 16-79. VA.
Spring, 1945: The Forests of Apvinciai
The 100-man Blackthorn [Ersketis] detachment is led by K. Kaladinskas.
LKA 16-79. VA.
April 17, 1945: Rudnia, District of Alytus
A partisan unit under the leadership of Lieutenant L. Svalkus ["Boar"-"Sernas"] attacks Rudnia and liberates
prisoners [exact figures unknown]. Communist-controlled buildings throughout the county are torched.
NKVD. L-482, LKA 17-15. DA.
April 21 - May 2, 1945
The first deportations [to Siberia] since WW II begin on April 21. A second round of deportations occurs
between May 17 to September 3. Families of partisans are located and deported. Individuals of German origin
are targeted.
LGT-424, AL-312, 313. OK.
April 25, 1945
While employed as a lecturer at the teachers' college in Alytus, Junior Lieutenant Adolfas Ramanauskas joins
the partisan cause and assumes the code name Hawk [Vanagas]. Between the dates of April 26 to 28, he is
selected to lead the partisan unit of Nemunaitis [Masaliskiai]. On May 1, he organises a company of 70 fighters.
(LK-92), RD-10, 13. DA.
April or May, 1945
Authorities at Tiger [Tigras] headquarters special command include:
 Captain B. Kaletka [Kestutis]: Leader
 Lieutenant J. Kimstas ["Clover"-"Dobilas"]: Assistant
 Svilpa ["Bearded"-"Barzdyla"]: Adjutant
Until August 1945, the command post also serves as regional headquarters for the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom
Army]. Beginning on June 5, 1945, the unit reports to the 5th LLA command in Vilnius and oversees operations
of 3 companies with a total of 290 fighters.
L-326, LKA 16-54. VA.
May 1, 1945: The Town of Siesikai, District of Ukmerge
A group of partisans led by D. Vaitelis, V. Eiva and A. Vaiciunas gain control of Siesikai.
LKA 10-7. VEA.
May 6 [or 7], 1945
At the suggestion of J. Vitkus ["Son of Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"] and with the concurrence of L. Svalkas
["Board"-"Sernas"], A. Valentukevicius ["Peony"-"Bijunas"] and other individuals, it is agreed to unite the
partisans of Dzukija into the Dzukai group with headquarters in the County of Marcinkoniai, District of Alytaus.
The leader of the group is Lieutenant-Colonel J. Vitkus.
LKA 9-10, (L-190, 482). DA.
May 7, 1945
J. Vitkus [“Son of Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"], leader of the Dzukai partisans, issues Order #1, 11 to
address the recording of the history of partisans’ struggles: company and battalion commanders are responsible
for maintaining a diary of operations and battle engagements so a true picture of the battle for freedom could be
passed on [to prosperity].
LK-81, 82, LKA 9-61. DA.
Late April, Early May, 1945: The Forests Balbieriskis, District of Marijampole
In the forests of Balbieriskis , the Grand Duke Vaidotas partisan group is formed. K. Degutis [Raginis] leads
the group and J. Petraska [Patrimpas] is named Chief of Staff.
LKA 17-10, (GM-130). DA.
May 13, 1945: County of Varena, Near the Village of Geidukonys
Partisans led by J. Jakubavicius ["Rye"-"Rugys"] in Varena County free prisoners being transported to
Varena. They shot 1 Red Army soldier and 2 destroyers. Two other soldiers are disarmed.
LKA-17-16. DA.
May, 1945: Forest of Varcia, County of Alove, District of Alytus
Approximately 120 partisans led by Voveris ["Lightning"-"Zaibas"], Barauskas ["Crab"-"Vezys"] and A.
Ramanauskas ["Hawk"-"Vanagas"] gather in the forest of Varcia.
L-188, RD-19. DA.
May 16-17, 1945: Forest in the County of Simnas, District of Alytus
NKVD troops surround partisans [estimates vary from 60 to 120] led by J. Neifalta ["Pilot"-"Lakunas"]. 44
Lithuanians are killed, including machine gunner Albina Neifaltiene ["Pine"-"Pusele"], wife of the troop leader.
Many members of the enemy are destroyed [no estimates available]. At sunset, partisans escape the siege which
later becomes known as "The Battle of Kalniske."
AL-220, LBD-123, 222, LKA 17-197, L-350, (AKL-34, LKA 17-17, L-217, 376, 482), LKA 1-13,
LKA 9-57. DA.
May 23, 1945
Falcon ["Sakalas"] Special Team is formed under the leadership of P. Svilpa ["Bearded"-"Barzdyla"]. Its field
of action includes Utena District and areas in Zarasai and Svencionys Districts. In June, Falcon is destroyed by
the enemy, 232 partisans are killed and the command structure is disbanded. Approximately 300 partisans
'legalise' and P. Svilpa flees to Vilnius.
L-296, LKA 16-11, 12, LPK-484. VA.
May 25, 1945: Town of Kriukai, District of Siauliai
Led by Militiaman Sankauskas, a group of "destroyers" from the town of Kriukai defect and join the partisan
cause.
NPD-79. KA.
May 25, 1945
The Prienai partisan troop is reorganised into the 8th Company of the Iron Wolf [Gelezinis Vilkas] Regiment.
It operates under the orders of Kestutis Headquarters. P. Kucinskas ["Hop"-"Apynys"] is apointed temporary
commander.
LK-85. TA.
May 25-26 1945: Town of Endriejavas, District of Kretinga
K. Tycius, with the collaboration of 3 “destroyers”, leads his group of 120 partisans into Endriejavas. The
partisans assume control of the town and recruit 18 “destroyers" [stribai] who join them in the forest.
L-24 (L-487, G-156).PA.
May 25-26, 1945: County of Valkininkai, District of Trakai
M. Mastauskas, a member of the LPS [Lithuanian Partisans' Union] Vilniaus Headquarters, meets with
partisan leaders M. Cesnys ["November"-"Lapkritis"], M. Vickacka ["Summer"-"Vasara"] and B. Poskus
["Diver Bird"-"Naras"]. Iron Wolf [Gelezinis Vilkas], a special team to operate in the counties of Onuskis and
Valkininkai as well as part of Eisiskiai county, is formed. At the beginning of June, Lieutenant L. Tarasevicius
["Eagle or Lynx","Aras", "Lusis"] arrives to take command. The team consists of 4 platoons totaling
approximately 100 fighters.
L-190, 191, 482, KDK. DA.
May-June, 1945
Sometime before June of 1945, the Pike [Lydys] special team is formed to operate in the District of Taurage
and the Counties of Nemakciai as well as Simkaicai in the District of Raseiniai.
L-486, LKA 12-9, L-237, KA.
June 3, 1945: Town of Saldutiskis, District of Svencionys
Partisans, led by A. Krinickas [Romelis], take over the Saldutiskis.
LKA 17-115. VA.
May-June, 1945: Village of Galintanka, County of Nemunaitis, District of Alytus
Partisans led by A. Ramanauskas ["Hawk" - "Vanagas"] in Nemunaitis County kill 12 “destroyers” from
Merkine during an ambush near Galintanka.
AKL-11. DA.
June 7, 1945: The Forest of Kudra, County of Antazave, District of Zarasai
Partisans, led by M. Kazanas, K. Ramanauskas and B. Pupeikis, fight for 3 hours against NKVD troops and
“destroyers” in the forest of Kudra. 16 “destroyers” [stribai] are killed. The freedom-fighters escape through
Aleksandravele into the Forest of Agurkiskis without suffering any casualties.
DL-43. VA.
June 10, 1945: Between the Town of Pumpenai, District of Panevezys and the Village of Mitkai
28 armed Bolsheviks, intent on agitating the local populace, are ambushed by partisans of the Green [Zalioji]
special team. 17 [Bolsheviks] are killed.
LKA 8-37. ALA.
June, 1945: Pine Forest of Punia
Dzukai special team is formed under the leadership of Captain D. Jecys ["Oak"-"Azuolis"]. The team consist
of:
Members of the DLK Grand Duke Kestutis - Leader: Lieutenant A. Baciuska ["Traveller" or
"Person"-"Keleivis" or "Zmogus"] - Field of Operation: The Counties of Alytus, Simnas and Miroslavas
Members of the Duke Vaidotas group - Leader: K. Degutis [Raginis] - Field of Operation: Counties of
Balbieriskis and Gudeliai, District of Marijampole
Members of the Duke Margiris group - Leader: P. Paulauskas [Sarunas] - Field of Operation: Jieznas,
Butrimonys, Stakliskes and Birstonas Counties, District of Alytus
Members of the Iron Wolf [Gelezinis Vilkas] group - Leader: V. Voveris ["Lightening"-"Zaibas"] - Field
of Operation: County of Daugai, District of Alytus.
L-193, 194, LKA 9-90, 8. DA.
June 12, 1945
B. Kabulov, Deputy Commissar of the KGB, orders KGB and NKVD officers in Lithuania to discontinue
organising teams of activists to impersonate partisans in district covert operations without the express permission
of Kabulov.
LPK-406. OK.
June 12, 1945 [Possibly June 13 or 14]: In the Forest of Varcia, County of Alove, District of Alytus
A. Kulikauskas ["Doctor"-"Daktaras"], V. Voveris ["Lightning"-"Zaibas"] and K. Barauskas
["Crab"-"Vezys"] lead partisans into battle. Numerous NKVD operatives are killed [exactly numbers unknown],
approximately 10 partisans perish, several are arrested.
AKL-11, RD-52, 58, 60, L-376, (LK-92), (L-218, 482, KDK, LKA 17-17). DA.
June 14, 1945 [Possibly June 15 or July 20], 1945
NKVD troops arrest Captain B. Kaletkas [Kestutis], leader of the Tiger [Tigras] special team and Father P.
Liutkus ["Black Peter"-"Juodasis Petras"], the priest of Kirdeikiai and chaplain of the team. A total of 9 partisan
leaders are taken into custody. Lieutenant J. Kimstas ["Clover"-"Dobilas'] assumes leadership of the Tiger
[Tigras] team.
LKA 16-54, 55, (130), (LPK-497). L-296. VA.
June 15, 1945: The Village of Biliakiemis, County of Utenos,
Lieutenant J. Kimstas ["Clover"-"Dobilas"], now leading the Tiger ["Tigras"] special team, convenes a
partisan meeting. The Sarunas special team is formed with key assignments delegated as follows:
Leader: V. Mikulenas ["Lupine" or "Linden"-"Lubinas" or "Liepa"]
Chief of Headquarters Staff: V. Pakstas ["Bard" or "Diver Bird"- "Vaidila" or "Naras"]
Chief of Military Intelligence and Communications: P. Zinkevicius ["Kite" or "Blacksmith"-"Aitvaras" or
"Kalvis"]
The team publishes a newsletter, Word the Underground [Pogrindzio Zodis].
L-296, 297, 490, LKA 16-(12-14), 55, LPK-481. VA.
June, 1945, Southern Samogitia (Zemaitija)
An attempt to form the Vytis Command in Southern Samogitia (Zemaitija) is foiled by excessive MGB
activity and failure to reach agreement with leaders of the Lydys [Pike] Special Team. L-237. KA.
June 1945
The Special Team of Lazdijai District led by V. Gontis-Alseika, submits to the command of Dzukai general
headquarters. J. Vitkus ["Son of Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"] names it Western Dzukai Special Team, but the
name does not catch on.
L-191. DA.
June 17 [Possibly 11] 1945: Eilavotas County, District of Marijampole
The Battle of Degimai begins. Partisans from The "Iron Wolf" ["Gelezinis Vilkas"] Company of the 8th
regiment, led by K. Pinkvarta ["Right Hander"-"Desinys] fight for 4, perhaps 5, hours and kill 70 NKVD
soldiers. Six partisans are killed, including V. Senavaitis ["Northerner" - AKA: "Green Devil"-"Siaurys: AKA:
"Zalias Velnias"], Chief of Orienteering and pioneer founder of the partisan movement.
LBD-174, 175, 219, LK-85, 617, (DP-83, 86). TA.
June 24, 1945: Vilnius
LPS [Lithuanian Partisans' Union] headquarters is destroyed. Chief of Headquarters, J. Petrauskas, and 22
staff members are arrested.
LPK-497. VV.
Summer, 1945
The organisational structure of Dz kai Group led by J. Vitkus-Kazimieraitis ["Son of Kazimieras"] is finalised.
Special teams, battalions, and squads operate in Alytus district and part of Lazdijai and Trakai districts.
LKA 9-8. DA.
Summer, 1945
Lieutenant V. Bacevicius-Vygandas assembles partisans from Kazlu Ruda and Jankai Forest into the Deer
["Stirna"] Special Team.
LK-622, LKA 3-17. TA.
Summer, 1945: Town of Rozalimas, The district of Panevezys.
Approximately 80 partisans from the Green ["Alioji"] Special Team take over the town of Rozalimas. 27
destroyers [stribai] are destroyed.
L-24, LKA 8-36. ALA.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
War Chronicle of the Partisans: Part III
A Special Thanks To: Voruta - Lithuanian Historical Weekly and Vartiklis. for permission to re-publish.
Lithuanian Website Design and Editing: Jonas Skendelis, [Lithuania], Volunteer, Lithuanian Global Resources
English Translation: Gintautas Kaminskas, [Australia] Volunteer, Lithuanian Global Resources
English Website Design and Editing: Sandra Souveskas [USA], Webmaster, Lithuanian Global Resources
Go for abbreviations explanation
July 6 or 13, 1945: The Grove of Obeliai, not far from the Village of Kelezeriai
Partisans led by B. Vaicenas ["Lord"-"Lordas"], B. Pupeikis ["Aurochs"-"Tauras"] and K. Ramanuskas fight for
several hours with forces of the occupying army and 'stribai' from Antazave and Obeliai counties. Six partisans
and 2 enemy soldiers are killed; 2 enemy soldiers injured.
LKA 1676, [DL43, 44] VA
July 6 or 7, 1945: Village of Jaskoniskiai, County of Antazave, District of Zarasai
After being betrayed by J. Markulis ["Agent Stankevicius"-"Agentas Stankevicius"] and being surrounded by
enemy troops, M. Kazanas ["Terror"-"Siaubas"], leader of the Bear ["Lokys"] Special Team, along with 2 team
partisans, use explosives to commit suicide. A. Streikus ["Little Tommy"-"Tamosiukas"] is appointed new leader
of the Bear Special Team. He continues to maintain contact with Latvian partisans.
L-297, LKA 1676, DL-43, 258, [LKA 14-56, LKA 16-15] VA
July 7, 1945
Lieutenant J. Alescikas ["Gediminas"], leader of the Lazdijai County Partisan Unit, visits J. Vitkus [Son of
Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"], leader of the Dzukai Group. A decision is made to form the Seinai Special Team
from Lazdijai, Sangruda, Sventezeris and Rudamina counties partisans under the leadership of J. Alescikas. The
idea fails, J. Alescikas resigns, and partisans of above-mentioned counties join Gediminas Special Team of
Tauras Command.
L-191, 192 DA
July 1945: Between Vilnius and Kirdeikiai village, County of Saldutiskis, District of Svencionys
J. Markulis, LLA command post representative, is arrested by communists on his way from Vilnius to Kirdeikiai
village, but is released within a few days. By January of 1946, Markulis will become a a NKGB agent.
LKA 11-35, 36, LPK-660 OK
July 19 [or 22], 1945: Virtukai Forest, County of Kelme, District of Raseiniai
Led by J. Zemaitis and A. Zaskevicius, 54 partisans from 4 squads of the Zebenkstis Special Team battle
NKVD troops for 3 hours in Virtukai forest. 15 partisans are killed.
LKA 12-9, L-236, 486 [L-376] KA
July 19, 1945
Headquarters for Tauras Command is established in the presbytery of Skardupes, District of Marijampole. Key
leadership positions include:
Captain L. Taunys ["Raven"-"Kovas]: Chief of Staff
J. Pileckis ["Brokas"]: Outfitting and Weaponry
A. Ratkelis: Propaganda
V. Gavenas ["Vampire"-"Vampyras"]: Provost Section
Father A. Ylius ["Wolf"-"Vilkas"]: Sanitary Section
The groups decides to establish links with supreme partisan command post and partisan units, to rally
Lithuanians behind the partisan flag, and to dissemate information about current conditions.
L-160, LK-86, LKA 1-5,6 TA
August 1, 1945
J. Vitkus ["Son of Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"], leader of the Dzukai Group, appoints A. Ramanauskas
["Hawk"-"Vanagas"] to lead the Merkine Batallion. The batallion soon becomes part of Merkys' Special Team
with
P. Petrenas ["Boss"-"Virsaitis] in command. The batallion includes members of the Marcinkonys and
Druskininkai Battalions.
LKA 9-22, L-192, 206, 223 DA
August 1, 1945: District of Telsiai
The ZL [Zemaitijan Legion] Satrija Special Team is formed on the basis of LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army]
Hawks ["Vanagai"] group. S. Beniulis becomes their first leader.
L-169, 487 ZA
August 3, 1945: Town of Keturvalakiai, District of Vilkaviskis
The town of Keturvalakiai is seized by 15 partisans who confiscate county documents and weapons abandoned
by fleeing NKVD operatives. 3 'stribai' are killed. Town residents convene a meeting.
AKL-83, LKA 17-114 TA
August 5-9, 1945: Town of Palios, County of Gudeliai, District of Marijampole
3 NKVD regiments, assisted by artillery and aviation support, attack a group of approximately 70 partisans. 17
Lithuanian freedom-fighters are killed, 5 captured. Numerous NKVD operatives are killed [Exact numbers
unknown].
AL-251, DP-87 TA
Early August [or September], 1945:
S. Girdziunas ["May"-"Geguzis"], leader of the 3rd Northern Command of LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army]
dies. Former command post officer-in-charge, V. Jazokas, ["Son of Peter"-"Petraitis"] assumes command
DL-4, PPS, (LKA 18-53, 55), (LKA 20-17) SA
Early August, 1945:
Following destruction of the LPS [Lithuanian Partisans' Union] command post in Vilnius [end of June 1945],
Gelezinis "Iron Wolf" Vilkas' Special Team joins the Dzukai group. Lieutenant L. Svalkus ["Wild
Boar"-"Sernas"] becomes interim leader. The special team consists of 2 battalions: Varena-Rudnia and
Valkininkai-Eisiskes-Onuskis, latter led by L. Tarasevicius ["Eagle"-"Aras"].
L-191 DA
August 15, 1945:
The Tauras ["Aurochs"] Command is formed. Key freedom-fighters attending the inaugural meeting include:
L. Taunys
V. Gavenas
J. Pileckis
A. Ratkelis
Lieutenant V. Bacevicius ["Vygandas'] from the Kazlu Ruda forests
Captain V. Navickas ["Thunder"-"Perkunas"] from the Distrct of Alytus
V. Radzevicius ["Bard"-"Vaidila]
V. Kulboka
J. Sackus ["Ash Tree"-"Uosis"]
Colonel L. Butkevicius from the District of Marijampole
Captain L. Taunys ["Raven"-"Kovas"], Appointed first leader of Tauras Command.
Five special teams are formed:
Stirna ["Deer"] [Later to become known as "Zalgiris"]
Gelezinis Vilkas ["Iron Wolf"]
Vytautas, ["Thunder"-"Perkunas"] [Later to be known as: "Gediminas"]
Patrimpas
Their arena of operations includes:
Districts of Marijampole, Vilkaviskis and Sakiai
Portions of the Districts of Lazdijai, Kaunas and Alytus
L-160, LKA 3-16 TA
August 8, 1945: Town of Lekeciai, District of Sakiai
Following a meeting near Lekeciai, the Supreme Command of LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] is formally re-
established. General M. Peciulionis, S. Starkus-Starkevicius, A. Ruzgys, and A. Veverskis [brother of K.
Veverskis] attend the meeting. In November, the Command Post staff is arrested.
L-127, LKA 14-12 VV
August, 1945: District of Sudalaukis, County of Saldutiskis, District of Svencionys
During a meeting at the Petkevicius family home, the 4th ["Vytautas"] Command of the LLA [Lithuanian
Freedom Army] is formed. A Command Post is established to coordinate partisan activities in the Districts of
Utena, Zarasai, Svencionys, and [from 1946] Rokiskis. Leaders are selected as follows:
Lieutenant J. Kimstas, Command Post Officer-In-Charge
V. Mikulenas ["Fatty"-"Storulis"], Adjutant
P. Zinkevicius ["Skudutis"]: Chief of Staff
K. Zinkevicius ["Axe"-"Kirvis"], Propaganda Section
When Lieutenant Kimsta departs for Western Lithuania, V. Mikulenas assumes the responsibility of Command
Post Officer-In-Charge.
L-297, LKA 16-120, 121 VA
August, 1945
Partisans from Panevezys raid the hospital and liberate injured colleagues. Militia man Bistravicius is killed.
AKL-45 VCA
August 26, 1945: Near the Village of Medikonys, County of Rozalimas, District of Panevezys
In an ambush near Medikonys village, Captain I. Pucevicius ["Radvila"], leader of the Zalioji ["Green"] Special
Team, is killed. In September, Lieutenant V. Jazokas ["Son of Peter"-"Petraitis"] assumes leadership.
LKA 8-5, LKA 20-16 ALA 1945
September 4, 1945: Near the Village of Ilgbraste, District of Silute, County of Sveksna
Near Ilgbraste Village, partisans kill 3 "stribai" and capture a wounded militia man.
AKL-65 KA
September 8, 1945
Correspondence from Lieutenant General Tkacenka, USSR NKGB Chief in Lithuania, is dispatched to:
NKVD Committee Leaders
Soviet Army Divisions detached to Lithuania
Heads of "Smers" ["Whirlwind"-"Tornado"] - ["Detachments of Death"]Units
Military prosecutors of Soviet Army Divisions
NKVD Committees
A reprimand for poor work, the letter states, "[in] Over 5 days, 20 regiments have killed only 56 "bandits" [as
the Soviet authorities always called the partisans] and arrested only 158. A total of 187 weapons [have been]
seized. While the Soviet army is so slack, the "bandits" have intensified their resistance. Over just 4 days in
September, they have killed or abducted 27 Soviet activists".
LKA 11-112 OK
September 9, 1945
Leadership of the ZL [Zemaitijan Legion] is assumed by:
J. Semaska ["Linden", "Liepa", or "Rikis"],
S. Jazdauskas ["Nurmis"], Adjutant
V. Kucinskas ["Ipras"], Command Post OIC
An attempt is made to combine and create command posts for all Zemaitijan districts
L-262, 487, LKA 7-3 ZA
September 9, 1945
The LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] 5th Command leadership appoints Captain A. Kamarauskas [Karijotas]
leader of the Tiger ["Tigras"] Special Team. The Tiger Team reports directly to the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom
Army] 5th Command until the creation of VA [Vytautas Command]. The Tiger Special Team is responsible to
two separate command posts.
The company commanded by V. Zaliaduonis refuses to obey Captain Kamarauskas. The conflict is exploited by
the NKGB.
L-300, LKA 16-56 VA
September 9, 1945
A. Ramanauskas ["Hawk"-"Vanagas"] is appointed leader of the Merkys Special Team within the Dzukai
group.
L-206, LK-198 DA
September 16, 1945: Village of Skardupiu, District of Marijampole
The first meeting of the LIK ["Lithuanian Liberation Committee"-"Lietuvos islaisvinimo komitetas"] conveys. In
attendance are:
Colonel L. Butkevicius ["Luobas"]
Captain L. Taunys ["Raven"-"Kovas"]
Father A. Ylius ["Wolf"-"Vilkas"]
Lieutenant V. Bacevicius ["Vygandas"]
J. Pileckis ["Brokas"]
Committee Membership is decided as follows:
L. Butkevicius, President
L. Taunys and A. Ylius, Deputies
V. Bacevicius, J. Pileckis, and V. Radzevicius, Members
Their primary goal is established: rally underground forces for the restoration of an independent Lithuanian state.
A manifesto is issued to the Lithuanian public and 6 partisan command regions are defined.
LK-240-242, LKA 1-5, LKA 2-3, L-127, 161 TA
September 17, 1945: Near the Forest of Papojas [not far from Upyte in the County of Naujamiestis, District of
Panevezys]
17 NKVD troops surround a group of 18 VCA [Vytis Command] partisans lead by Major P. Januskevicius
["Dad"-"Tevas"] near the forest of Papojas Ten partisans are killed, including Major Januskevicius.
SV-39, 40 VCA
September 28, 1945: Forest of Raudine, District of Zarasai
Battle in forest of Raudine, district of Zarasai. Troops from the Red Army attack the base of the VA [Vytautas
Command] Lokys ["Bear"] Special Team in the forest of Raudine. 11 [possibly 14] partisans loss their lives in
battle.
Although wounded, A. Streikus ["Tommy"-"Tamosiukas"], leader of the group, covers the retreating partisans
with machine gun fire, allowing ten partisans to escape. Not wanting to be captured, Streikus, takes his own life
using explosives. A. Keberza ["Preibys"-"Kartelis"] assumes leadership of the Lokys Special Team.
L-298, LKA 16-77 VA
Autumn, 1945
The Vegele command post is disbanded. By order of J. Ceponis, the remnants of the team join the Zebenkstis
Special Team.
L-236, 486 KA
June-October, 1945
132 partisans from the VA [Vytautas Command], Tigras [Tiger] Special Team, are killed and 140 partisans are
arrested during the "Cekist" operation.
LKA 16-57 VA
October 1, 1945
NKGB documents stored in Joniskis district indicate active partisan units in the area are led by M. Kliausius
["Vadas"-"Tautvydas"] [150 members], K. Linovskis [15 members], Nazaras [30 members], and P. Paltaroko
["Algimantas"] [25-30 members].
NPD-78 KA
October, 1945
By order of Major J. Semaska ["Linden"-"Liepa"], a command post is re-established in Zemaitija under the
control of the Zemaitijan legion and TGS [Tautos gelbejimo sajunga - National Assistance Union], a civilian-
controlled institute answerable to the leader of the military command post. To unite all armed structures in
Lithuania, the ZL leadership team establishes links with the 3rd and 5th LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army]
commands and the Dzukai group.
L-128 ZA
October 5, 1945
A meeting of the LIK [Lithuanian Liberation Committee] convenes. The missions of A. Ylius' ["Wolf"-"Vilkas"]
to i Telsiai and L. Taunys' [Raven - Kovas] to Kaunas [to establish chain-of-command] are discussed. A
decision is made to immediately establish [revive] the VLIK [Supreme Committee for the Liberation of
Lithuania] and to seek relations with resources outside Lithuania.
L-162, LK-243, 244 VV
October 12, 1945
USSR NKVD commissar L. P. Berija issues directive #497 ordering "all necessary steps" be taken to
strengthen the activities of its agents in Lithuania and widen the network of informers and agents in all districts
and counties of Lithuania where "bandits" are active.
LKA 11-115 OK
October 21, 1945: The presbytery of Skardupiai, District of Marijampole
The final meeting of the LIK [Lithuanian Liberation Committee] takes place in the presbytery of Skardupiai.
On the following day - October 22, 1945 - the arrests begin. 17 office-holders of the LIK and Tauras
Command are detained The work of the Committee and command post are paralysed. [L. Taunys and V.
Bacevicius are tried and shot on 20 July 1946.]
Escaping the dragnet are: J. Pileckis ["Brokas"], A. Ratkelis ["Kid"-"Ozelis"], and Major Z. Drunga ["Wild
Boar"-"Sernas"]. Drunga assumes leadership of the TA [Tauras Command] and assumes the code name
Mykolas Jonas [Michael John].
L-162, LKA 1-5, LKA 2-3, LPK-498 TA, VV
October 23, 1945
J. Vitkus, leader of Dzukai group reluctantly accepts the resignation of V. Gontis ["Alseika"], leader of Sarunas
Special Team. Gontis returns to civilian life. A. Bucionis is appointed interim leader of the Leipalingis battalion.
L-192, LKA 9-67 DA
October 28, 1945
J. Vitkus ["Son of Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"], leader of the Dzukai group, begins to prepare the
"Organisational plan for [the] liberation of Lithuania." His plan includes the possible mobilisation of the entire
country. A comprehensive plan is completed on December 9, 1948, but never implemented. L-28, LKA 9-32
DA
October 29, 1945
Modeled after the LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] Vanagai [Hawks] group, A. Narmontas
["Ivanauskas"-"Usorius"] creates the Alka Special Team of Zemaitijan Legion in the Mazeikiai area.
L-267, 487 ZA
November 3, 1945: In the village of Kiskeliai, County of Salakas, District of Zarasai
Agent Uosis I. Bivainis ["Ash Tree"]informs the NKVD of the location of VA [Vytautas Command], Bear
["Lokys"] Special Team, and Lieutenant A. Keberza ["Preibys, Kartelis"]. Partisans escape unscathed, killing
one NKVD man. Towards the end of 1945, A. Keberza is shot in his bunker by a traitor.
L-299, LKA 16-80, 81 VA
November 10, 1945: Town of Gaure, District of Taurage
Partisans led by G. Kisielius take over Gaure, liberate prisoners, and shoot 8 communist activists [and] NKVD
men living in the county. GP-193, L-486, AKL-70, RZ-60 KA
November 10, 1945
Dzukai group leader J. Vitkus ["Son of Kazimieras"-"Kazimieraitis"] meets with Liaison Officer A. Jauniskis
["Pine Forest"-"Silas"]at Supreme LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] Command Post and Alytus. They discuss
the organization of Algirdas Command and possibility of J. Vitkus leading the Command which includes the
districts of Alytus, Trakai and Asmena. LLA leadership authorizes J. Vitkus to prepare a plan to mobilize all
Lithuanian men of conscriptable age. After the arrest of the LLA liaison officer in Jieznas and command posts
members in Kaunas, Dzukai links with LLA break off.
L-196, LKA 9-36 DA
November 15, 1945: Counties of Skuodas and Mosedis, District of Kretinga
J. Ozeraitis ["Whisker"-"Usas"] organizes the Kardas ["Word"] Special Team in the counties of Skuodas and
Mosedis in the district of Kretinga. On November 23, 1945, the Team becomes part of the Zemaitijan Legion
under the leadership of K. Kontrimas ["Dad"-"Tevas"].
L-266, LKA 7-4 ZA
November 18, 1945
By order of J. Vitkus, the Dzukai group command post is renamed Command Post A.
L-192 DA
November 19, 1945
Leaders of the Dzukai Group Sarunas Special team meet and discuss new links among partisan groups, financial
considertions, press organization, and winter provisions. Those attending include:
J. Vitkus ["Kazimieraitis"-"Son of Kazimieras"]: Group Leader
A. Perminas ["Jurininkas"-"Sailor"]: Adjutant
A. Kulikauskas ["Daktaras"-"Doctor"]: Head of 2nd Squadron
V. Stepulevicius ["Mindaugas"]
A. Grusauskas ["Siaubas"-"Terror"]: Seiriju Battalion Leader, Leipalingis Battalion Leader, and interim
Sarunas Special Team
A. Bucionis: Leader
J. Penkevicius ["Kalnelis"-"Hillock"]: Kapciamiestis Leader
V. Vabuolas ["Margis"-"Dapple"]: Veisiejai Team Leader
LKA 9-38 DA
November 20, 1945
Lieutenant A. Baltusis ["Zvejys"-"Fisherman"] is appointed as head of press and propaganda section of TA
[Tauras Command] and senior editor of the newspaper "Laisves zvalgas" ["Freedom Herald"].
L-166, 167 TA
November 20, [or 21] 1945
Stirna ["Deer"] with TA [Tauras Command] dies. Special Team leader B. Abromaitis [Spyglys - "Thorn"],
command post OIC S. Grigas [Aras - "Eagle"] and 2 partisans at the team's command post in Deguciai village,
Jankai county, Sakiai district. LBD-187, [LK 3-25] TA
November 28, 1945
J. Deksnys [Hektoras - "Hector"], VLIK [Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania] member enters
Lithuania illegally and meets with J. Vitkus [Kazimieraitis - "Son of Kazimieras"] in Kaunas. Also in attendance
is engineer K. Brunius ["Prapuolenis"]. A decision is made to precipitate creation of Supreme Partisan
Command Post.
L-130, 149, 196, LK-245 VV
November 30, 1945
J. Vitkus publishes the first edition of the Bell of Freedom [Laisves varpas]. Feature stories include the last
Instruction [Nr. 21] of the Dzukai group command post and the first Instruction of the Lithuanian Partisan
Command A.
LKA 9-41 DA
Late 1945
The LLA [Lithuanian Freedom Army] Kovas ["Raven"] Special Team, which had been operating in the
Kedainys district is destroyed. Leader J. Jasinevicius ["Margis"-"Dapple"] had maintained links, through D.
Rozgaitis, with Kaunas LLA Command Post's Colonel Matulionis, Lieutenant Tuinyla and General Listopadskis.
L-238, LKA 12-10, 11 KA
December 1, 1945: Village of Biliakiemis, District of Utena
An unknown traitor reveals the location of VA [Vytautas Command] Sarunas Special Team command post to
the enemy. Lieutenant V. Mikulenas, team Leader, interim commander of VA, and a former fourth year student
of Medicine, is killed. Command Post documents are seized.
L-299, 490, LPK-481, LKA 16-16, 17 VA
December 1, 1945
By order Nr. 1/19 of J. Misiunas ["Zalias Velnias"-"Green Devil"], the 5th Command of LLA [Lithuanian
Freedom Army] is renamed "Great Battle Command" ["Didziosios Kovos Apygarda"-"DKA"]. Two Special
Teams are established: Team "A" for Trakai district and Team "B" for Ukmerge district. "C" and "D" Teams for
Svencionys and Utena districts are never established.
L-327, VDr DKA
December 3, 1945
J. Vitkus ["Kazimieraitis"-"Son of Kazimieras"], leader of A Command, begins to draft regulations regarding
possible partisan court martials. [Karo Lauko Teismo - KLT]
LK-180, LKA 9-42 VV
December 4, 1945
Lieutenant L. Svalkus ["Sernas"-"Wild Boar"], leader of A Command Gelezinis Vilkas [Iron Wolf] Special
Team dies. L. Tarasevicius [Aras - "Eagle"] assumes leadership. Iron Wolf team members from the Rudnia
Battalion join Merkys Special Team.
L-191, LKA 9-43, 45, LKA 17-173 DA
December 11, 1945
Organizing Partisan Units: Drill Practice and Leadership, a publication of instructions from "A" Command leader
J. Vitkus, is distributed to partisan leaders.
LKA 9-45 DA
December 11-12, 1945
Under orders from A. Kamarauskas ["Karijotas"], leader of Tigras [Tiger] Special Team, a partisan group led
by K. Kaladinskas [Ersetis - "Blackthorn"] carries out the KLT [court martial] sentence against the family of A.
Miskinis, a local communist government leader in Magunai district.
A group of NVVD activists arrive at the scene of the incident and are ambushed by partisans. 13 NKVD
soldiers, under the command of Rimse county NKVD Lieutenant Bondarev, are killed.
LKA 16-58 VA
December 15, 1945: Town of Merkine, District of Alytus
Partisans from Merkys Special Team, led by A. Ramanauskas ["Vanagas"-"Hawk"], assume control of
Merkine. 15 enemy soldiers and 2 "stribai" are killed, J. Volungevicius ["Siaubas"-"Terror"]is fatally wounded,
and 5 Lithuanian freedom-fighters loose their lives in battle. Numerous "Stribai" and NKVD men take refuge in
a church tower.
The [communist-controlled] county administration building is set ablaze and important county/militia documents
are confiscated.
AKL-80, L-483, LK-201, LKA 9-47 DA
December 15, 1945
Over 5 months, VA [Vytautas Command] Sarunas Special Team is virtually destroyed - 362 partisans are
killed, 348 arrested, and 267 amnestied.
LKA 16-16, 17 VA
December, 1945
When V. Mikulenas ["Storulis"-"Fatty"] is killed in battle, B. Zinkevicius
["Skudutis"-"Kalvis"-"Blacksmith"-"Artojas"-"Ploughman"] is appointed officer-in-charge of VA [Vytautas
Command]. Command post headquarters is moved to the County of Kuktiskiai, District of Utena. On January
15, 1946, headquarters is again moved to Uskienes farmstead in the Village of Vejele, County of Tauragnai.
L-299, LKA 16-19, 20 VA
December 16, 1945
Partisans of Marcinkonys battalion, unable to join the attack on Merkine, take over Perloja and shoot several
soviet activists.
AKL-80, LKA 9-50, LKA 17-174, RD-135 DA
December 18, 1945
The Central Committee of the Communist Party renames the "stribai" [destroyer] battalions to "People's
Defense Groups", with their members to be called "People's Defenders".
L-381, LPK-106 OK
December 21, 1945: Near Seirijai, District of Alytus
A. Grusauskas ["Siaubas"-"Terror"], Leader of "A" Command Seirijai Battalion, and 76 partisans lay an ambush
for "stribai." 12 stribai are killed and a large quantity of weapons seized.
LKA 9-52 DA
December 30, 1945
Lieutenant-Colonel V. Stepulevicius ["Varguolis"-"Mindaugas"] is appointed leader of "A" Command Sarunas
Special Team. Later, he is removed from office for dereliction of duty. A. Kulikauskas ["Daktaras"-"Doctor"], a
member of the command post staff of "A" Command, is appointed interim leader. Sarunas Special Team
consists of battalions from Kapciamiestis, Veisiejai, Liepalingis and Seirijai.
RD-170, L-192, LKA 9-52 DA
Late 1945, Early 1946
Captain J. Noreika, together with S. Gorodeckis and O. Lukauskaite-Poskiene, begin to form the LTT
["Lietuviu tautines tarybos"-"Lithuanian National Council"]. Their goal: Unite underground and partisan
groupings.
L-129, LKA 7-172, 173 VV
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
War Chronicle of the Partisans: Part IV
January 1, 1946
J. Luksa joins partisans and is placed in charge of the press section of TA “Gelezinis Vilkas” [Iron Wolf] special
team.
DP-133 TA
January 6, 1946
leader of A Command J. Vitkus (“Kazimieraitis” – “son of Kazimieras”) prepares an instruction on "Drill training
for partisans” and guidelines for leaders of special teams on battle training for partisans.
LKA 9-54 DA
January 6, 1946 (07)
Battle between TA Gelezinis Vilkas [Iron Wolf] special team’s 3rd company and NKVD forces in Marijampole
district, Prienai county, Cepeliskiai village. J. Morkunas (“Rambynas”) was killed, as were 13 NKVD soldiers.
LBD-175, (219) TA
January 12, 1946
NKVD destroys A Command’s partisan command post by the River Skroblas near the village of Rudnia,
Marcinkonys county, Alytus district. They confiscated the command post’s diary of activities.
LKA 9-5 DA
January 15-16, 1946
Soviet troops and stribai surround the bunkers of M. Laurinenas’ [Mingaila’s] company of the VA “Tigras”
[Tiger] special team in the forest of Mincia, near the village of Prusai, county of Salakas, district of Zarasai. 23
partisans are killed, 2 arrested. The only ones to escape were the injured M. Laurinenas himself and several of
his fighters.
LKA 16-58 VA
January 25, 1946
Soviet troops attack the betrayed partisans of P. Mykolaitis in the village of Peiksva, district of Kedainiai. P.
Planciunas and A. Petrauskas killed; B. Karbocius manages to escape.
MK-65 VCA, PA
January 28, 1946
VCA partisans led by P. Blieka shoot 5 stribai and a militia chief from the city of Raguva, district of Panevezys.
LKA 10-16 VCA
January 31, 1946
TA Stirna [Deer] special team is renamed Zalgiris [Grünwald] special team.
LKA 3-25 TA
Early 1946
Destruction of VCA command post. Casualties: lieutenant A. Danyla-Kernius, B. Eglinskas-Saulius, M.
Smetona-Ripka.
LKA 10-19 VCA
Early 1946
VCA leader D. Vaitelis appoints as adjutants J. Dambrauskas and J. Survila-Sarunas; command consists of 13
partisan units from district of Panevezys and 6 from Ukmerge.
LKA 10-12 VCA
Early 1946
LTT decides that VGPVV (Lithuanian armed forces senior leadership) leader should be J. Noreika (“Generolas
Vetra”) [General Storm] and general secretary should be S. Gorodeckis-Radziunas.
LKA 7-174 VV
February 13, 1946
Failed military mission results in death of several command post staff including V. Jazokas- Petraitis, leader of
LLA 3rd Northern Command and Zalioji [Green] special team and Sakalas, leader of Pilenai group. Command
post not re-created. Special team’s interim leader is J. Skackauskas- Strausas. Special team’s nucleus (led by
P. Masilaitis-Virpsa) and 25th group (led by V. Cesnakavicius-Valas) begin to act independently.
LKA 20-19 ÐA
February 15, 1946
J. Bartasiunas, commissar of the NKVD in the Lithuanian SSR, promises no reprisals to partisans (which he
calls “bandits”) who surrender voluntarily. Promises they will be issued with passes and allowed to return to their
homes. Meanwhile, he orders that the bodies of dead partisans be publicly desecrated.
DP-183, 184, LPK-490, 491 OK
February, 1946 02
Destruction of “Laisves gyneju” [Defenders of Freedom] special team which had operated in the Jurbarkas
area. It was reformed in October under the leadership of P. Paulaitis-Barkus and named Battalion Nr. 8.
LKA 12-15 KA
February, 1946
DKA B special team, led by A. Morkunas (“Plienas”) [Steel] and command post OIC Sibaila (“Diedukas”)
[Gramps] consisted of 3 battalions: one led by Petronis (“Audra”) [Storm] in the counties of Zelva and Moletai;
one led by lieutenant K. Alisauskas-Spartakas in the counties of Zemaitkiemis, Pabaiska and Sesuoliai; and one
led by warrant officer Balninkai, Kurkliai, and part of the county of Zelva. Later a new battalion led by S.
Markauskas-Galijotas was established in the counties of Vepriai and Jonava. In 1946 a 5th battalion under the
leadership of B. Jakubonis (“Stiklas”) [Glass] was established in the counties of Taujenai and Kovarskas.
VDr DKA
Late February, 1946
LGPVV leader J. Noreika (“Generolas Vetra”) [General Storm] issued directive Nr. 7 to the effect that in the
case of more mass deportations the partisans should organise "suicide squads" of 3-5 people with the motto
"Our lives to help others"; one such squad of young people in Vilnius was led by student A. Janulevicius (also
known as “Alfonsas” or “Lapinas” [Fox].
LKA 7-175 VV
February-March, 1946
After the death in December 1945 of A. Keberza, leader of VA Lokys [Bear] special team, his place was taken
by K. Kaladinskas (known as “Ersketis” [Blackthorn] or “Sarka” [Magpie], who united the partisans of the
Zarasai district. The partisans of Rimse and Duksta counties continued to answer to Tigras [Tiger] special team.
L-299, LKA 16-81, 82 VA
February-March, 1946
3rd Northern Command of LLA ceases action. 4th LLA Command (“Vytautas Command”) renamed “3rd LLA
Vytautas Command”.
LKA 16-5 VA
March 5, 1946
The “Cold War” starts when Winston Churchill makes speech in US city of Fulton and warns of USSR’s
dangerous policies and "Iron Curtain" separating East and West. Partisans optimistic.
LKA 7-173 VV
March 15, 1946
LGPVV leader J. Noreika (“Generolas Vetra”) [General Storm] meets underground leader of Telsiai district,
ZL leader major J. Semaska, and appoints him leader of Siauliai Command.
LKA 7-173 VV
March, 1946
New partisan unit named after Povilas Luksys is formed from remaining members of annihilated “Kovas [Raven]
Special Team” in Kedainiai district. First leader is J. Jasinevicius (“Margis”) [Dapple]. New leader lieutenant A.
Ragauskas-Ragelis chosen on 28 September.
L-238, 486, LKA 12-10, LKA 22-198 KA
March, 1946
through their agent Kipsas (Devil), allegedly a representative of the National Committee in Vilnius, the MGB
establish relations with DKA leader J. Misiunas (Zalias Velnias) [Green Devil].
L-330 OK
March 16, 1946
Arrest of LTT founders J. Noreika, S. Gorodeckis and O. Poskiene; betrayed by O. Poðkienë’s friend poet V.
Valsiuniene, MGB agent “Oras” [Weather] or “Agnesë”. More LTT members, including author K. Boruta, later
arrested in O. Poskiene’s flat in Vilnius. LTT destroyed.
L-129, 264, LKA 7-176, 177, LKA 8-58, LKA 17-225 VV
March 24, 1946
Death of DKA chief of staff A. Zepkus (Piliakalnis) [Castle Hill], replaced by B. Trakimas (Genelis) [Little
Woodpecker].
L-330, 493 DKA
April 5, 1946
TA leader Z. Drunga (Mykolas Jonas) [Michael John] issued decree Nr. 11 which created awards for
distinguished service of partisans: ribbons for bravery, diligence, and for civilians assisting partisans. V. Navickas
(Auksutis) [Goldie], leader of Perkunas [Thunder] special team appointed interim second-in-command.
L-479, LKA 3-25, 27 TA
April 9, 1946
Meeting of leaders of Tauras [Aurochs] and A Command near the village of Ricieliai, Seirijai county, Alytus
district. Formation of PLP (Partisans of Southern Lithuania) command post,
led by J. Vitkus (Kazimieraitis) [Son of Kazimieras],
assisted by. Z. Drunga (Mykolas Jonas) [Michael John].
Operational section headed by S. Staniskis (Antanaitis) [son of Anthony];
A. Kulikauskas (Daktaras) [Doctor] appointed interim director of information section.
PLP command post was intended to be supreme command post of all Lithuanian partisans. Dzûkai special team
was to be incorporated into Tauras [Aurochs] and A commands.
L-150, 196, 477, 483, LKA 1-10, 11, LK-247, 248 PL
April 10, 1946
Death of 10 partisans of VCA group of J. Survila-Sarunas in battle with NKVD troops near the village of
Varzai, Taujenai county, Ukmerge district.
L-492, LKA10-12 VCA
April 13, 1946
Meeting of Lydis (Pike) special team in the forest of Pavidauja, district of Taurage. Participation of 4 partisan
units and command post staff members H. Danilevicius (Vidmantas), J. Zickus (Viksva), J. Kasperavicius (Silas)
[Pine Forest]; consideration of possibility of forming a new command.
L-238 KA
April, 1946
Zaibas [Lightning] command formed in southern Zemaitija (Samogitia) under the leadership of J. Zemaitis.
Unification of separate partisan units commenced, culminates in the formation in autumn of the JKA (Joint
Kæstutis Command).
L-237 KA
April, 1946
Arrest of 32 ZL leaders and signalmen J. Semaska (Liepa) [Linden], V. Kucinskas (Ipras) and others.
L-487, LKA7-3 ZA
April 19, 1946
Death of TA Zalgiris [Grünwald] Special Team leader J. Kleiza (Zalvaris) [Bronze] in a battle in the village of
Katinai, Jankai county, district of Sakiai. New leader J. Ilgunas (Sarunas).
LBD-183, LKA3-25 TA
April 23, 1946
PLP general staff meeting accepts Declaration on Lithuanian Partisans, which includes principles of how
Lithuania’s nationhood should be restored. Dzukai Special Team assigned to A Command; Sarunas Special
Team removed from A Command and transferred to Tauras (Aurochs) Command. D. Jecys (Azuolis) [Oak]
given charge of A Command, remains leader of Dzukai Special Team.
KDK, L-150, 196, LK-249, LKA2-50, LPK-681 PL, DA, TA
May 2, 1946
J. Deksnys (“Alfonsas” or “Hektoras”) and V. Staneika (“Andrius” or “Meskis”) travel from Germany to
Lithuania without authorisation from VLIK to suggest to the partisans that they create VLAK (Supreme
Lithuanian Restoration Committee) as their centre of political leadership and BDPS (General Democratic
Resistance Union) as their centre of military leadership. They told the Lithuanians that this was the will of the free
world, while telling the West that this was the wish of the Lithuanian freedom fighters.
DP-548 VV
May 7, 1946
DKA leader J. Misiunas (Zalias Velnias - Green Devil) falls victim to Soviet disinformation and mistakenly
contacts spurious Cheka-controlled “partisan command centre" in Vilnius asking them to send him a
commanding officer and chief of command post staff. On 18 May MGB sends agent Gediminas (Margis -
Dapple] (also known as kapitonas Grieztas – Captain Severe). His true identity may have been J. Stravinskas, a
former military service colleague of J. Misiunas.
L-331 DKA
May 15, 1946
(1946 06) D. Jecys (Azuolis) [Oak] takes charge of A Command, changes its name to Dainava Command. It
consists of about 300 fighters in 3 teams: Dzuku (led by D. Jecys), Merkys (A. Ramanauskas) and Gelezinis
Vilkas [Iron Wolf] (V. Kukë – also known as Aitvaras [Goblin] or Silas [Pine Forest]).
L-150, 197, (KDK) DA
May, 1946
J. Markulis (MGB undercover agent Azuolas [Oak] – but known as Erelis [Eagle] to the partisans) makes
contact with DKA in the name of the spurious “underground resistance centre”, and through it with TA and DA
command posts. Thus begins the MGB infiltration and beginning of their influence over the leaders of the
partisans.
L-131, 331 OK
May 19, 1946
In accordance with order Nr. 2-19 Soviet secret agents acting in the name of the spurious “underground
resistance centre” appoint kapitonas Grieztas – Captain Severe (MGB agent Gediminas) interim leader of
DKA. J. Misiunas stays on as his adjutant.
L-331, LKA11-36, LPK-511 DKA, OK
May 25, 1946
ZL order Nr. 10 proclaims new ZL resistance movement structure effective from 1946 04 17: ZA (Zemaitija
Command) leader is F. Asoklis (Vilkas - Wolf); command post chief of staff is A. Ruzgys (Margis) [Dapple];
propaganda chief is B. Staliuniene (Vysnia - Cherry Tree). The Command consisted of special teams from
Telsiai district (Ðatrija Special Team); Mazeikiai district (Alka Special Team); and Kretinga district (Kardas
[Sword] Special Team).
L-264, 487, LKA7-3 ZA
May 28, 1946
PLP command post 2IC Z. Drunga (Mykolas Jonas) [Michael John] meets with J. Markulis (Erelis) [Eagle], a
representative of "Aukðtaiciu partizanu ir Vienybes komiteto" [Highlands Partisan Unity Committee].
Discussions about possibility of forming a common partisan leadership and establishing links with Zemaitijan
(Samogitian) partisans. Meeting attended by J. Stravinskas (Ziedas) [Bud], leader of TA Gelezinis Vilkas (Iron
Wolf) Special Team; also J. Luksa (Vytis), K. Pyplys (Mazytis) [Littlie] and others.
L-151, LK-101, 250, LKA1-16, LPK-524 VV
May 31, 1946
TA leader Z. Drunga (Mykolas Jonas) [Michael John] meets with visitors from abroad J. Deksnys (Alfonsas)
and V. Staneika (Andrius), who encourage the earliest possible creation of a Supreme Partisan Leadership.
L-151, LK-101, 252, 253 VV
June 3, 1946
Meeting of TA (Tauras Command) special team leaders in Skaisciunai village of Marijampolë district.
Participants:
Tauras Command leader Z. Drunga (Mykolas Jonas) [Michael John];
adjutant J. Pileckis-Sarunas; Fr J. Lelesius (Krivaitis); editor of "Laisves zvalgas" [Freedom Herald], A. Baltusis
(Zvejys) [Fisherman]; leader of Vytautas Special Command, Special Team leader V. Gavenas (Vampyras)
[Vampire]; leader of Gelezinis Vilkas (Iron Wolf), J. Stravinskas (Ziedas) [Bud]; leader of Gediminas, V.
Navickas (Auksutis) [Goldie]; leader of Zalgiris (Grünwald), J. Ilgunas (Sarunas) and others. Decision to
arrange training courses for leading administrators; motion to establish a civilian political party for partisans
(Lietuvos demokratu partija) [Lithuanian Democrats’ Party] to enable the partisans, once independence is
regained, to participate in the political life of the country; operational territory of special teams redefined.
A. Baltusis appointed chief of staff of command post,
V. Navickas his deputy.
J. Luksa (Vytis) appointed editor of "Laisves zvalgas" (“Freedom Herald);
V. Stepulevicius (Mindaugas) appointed leader of Gediminas Special Team.
L-163, LBD-43, LK95-109, LKA3-25, LKA1-12 TA
June 4, 1946
Partisans of TA (Tauras Command) ambush and kill about 20 stribai and communist activists in the village of
Grybine, near Sunskai in the district of Marijampole.
L-169, AKL-37 TA
June 6, 1946
LSSR NKGB-NKVD Colonel Nesidov of the Kaunas operational sector writes: "comrade Berija [...] has
assigned us the task of smashing Lithuanian bandit groups [...] and cleansing Lithuania of anti-Soviet nationalist
elements within 2-3 weeks".
LKA11-103
June 6, 1946
Meeting at TA (Tauras Command) Gelezinis Vilkas (Iron Wolf) command post. Participants: J. Luksa, A.
Varkala (Zaliukas) [Greenie], J. Markulis, J. Deksnys, V. Staneika. Formation of VLAK and BDPS. Decision
to form VGPS (Vyriausiasis ginkluotuju pajegu stabas) [Supreme Armed Forces Headquarters] from
representatives of armed partisans. At the suggestion of J. Deksnys it is agreed that until the final formation of
VLAK a “Unity Committee” under the leadership of J. Markulis should perform the required tasks. Thus did
MGB agent J. Markulis become de facto leader of the resistance movement, and unknown to J. Deksnys, his
activities were controlled by the MGB.
L-131, LK-254, LKA11-37, LPK-524 VV
June 9, 1946
Death of J. Stravinskas (known as “Ziedas” [Bud] or “Kardas” [Sword]), who had been leader of TA (Tauras
Command) Gelezinis Vilkas (Iron Wolf) Special Team since September 1945. With him perished six partisans
in a skirmish in the grove of Pagraizis, Ðilavotas county, Marijampole district.
LBD-190, LK-625 TA
June 12, 1946
PLP operation “Hit the spies”. In one night several dozen spies were destroyed; the huts of fugitive communists,
including that of the president of the Merkine branch of the party, were torched.
RD-229 PL
June 12, 1946
PLP command post adjutant and Tauras Command leader Z. Drunga (Mykolas Jonas) [Michael John] killed in
a battle with NKVD troops in the forest of Agurkiske, Luksiai county, district of Sakiai, as he was on his way to
Zemaitija. Also killed were the adjutant of Zalgiris Special Team and 4 partisans; 13 NKVD men were killed.
V. Navickas (Auksutis) [Goldie] becomes interim leader of TA.
L-152, 479, LBD-186, 194, LK-111, 607, LKA3-26 TA
June 13, 1946
Upon the death of the leader of the Vaidotas group of Dzukai Special team, K. Degutis (Raginis), in the forest
of Balbieriskis, Marijampole district, new leader is J. Petraska (also known as Patrimpas or Lapaitis [Foxie]).
LKA9-90 DA
June, 1946
On the orders of P. Zinkevicius, interim leader of VA, the Liutas (Lion) Special Team was formed from the
remnants of the Sarunas Special Team. The command post staff structure was decided by July: leader V.
Pakstas (Naras, Vaidotas); deputy B. Kalytis (Siaubas) [Terror], former leader of Kestutis company. Area of
operation: district of Utena and parts of districts of Svencionys, Zarasai, Rokiskis. Newsletter "Laisves sauklys"
(“Freedom Herald”) published.
L-299, 490, LKA16-32, 121, 125 VA
Summer of 1946
J. Vasiliauskas (Skydas [Shield], Algimantas) appointed chairman of TA (Tauras Command) court martial
tribunal. LBD-193 TA ? 1946 06 21 As part of a misinformation initiative MGB agent Kipsas (Devil) gave J.
Misiunas (Zalias Velnias) [Green Devil] 15 copies of the newspaper "Vienybe" (Unity), which had been
published by the MGB as an alleged "underground journal" with the help of collaborators in DKA (Great Battle
Command). This ruse deceived J. Misiunas into thinking that Kipsas represented a bona fide partisan
organisation. At that time DKA had 2 086 members, of which 836 were partisans.
L-327, 331, LPK-510 DKA
July 2, 1946 (12) (17)
PLP (South Lithuanian Partisans) leader Lieutenant Colonel Juozas Vitkus (Kazimieraitis) [son of Kazimieras]
unexpectedly encounters NKVD troops at Zaliamiskis, near the village of Liepiskiai, Leipalingis county, Lazdijai
district; kills 2 enemy soldiers, is himself heavily injured and dies on the way to Leipalingis. Interim leader is
command post chief S. Staniskis (Antanaitis) [son of Anthony].
L-152, 483, LBD-190, LK-601, (L-477, LPK-681, RD-236), (KDK) PL
July 4, 1946
At a meeting of TA (Tauras Command) leaders A. Baltusis (Zvejys) [Fisherman] is appointed Commander. J.
Jasulaitis (Kazokas) [Cossack] is appointed leader of Gelezinis Vilkas (Iron Wolf) Special Team; however, he
failed to perform his duties and at the end of October A. Varkala (Zaliukas, Daumantas) was appointed leader.
L-166, 479, LK -110, LKA3-27 TA
July 5-6, 1946
TA (Tauras Command) leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys) [Fisherman] issues orders Nr. 23 and Nr. 24 proclaiming
that the freedom fighters constitute a military organisation and therefore its members are bound by military
discipline, and are required to respect their leaders and unhesitatingly carry out their orders; the partisans are to
wear Lithuanian Army uniforms with insignia showing their rank.
L-167, 479, LK-111, LKA3-29 TA
July 6, 1946 07 06
Battle of Pyragiai forest in the district of Raseiniai: NKVD troops attack the fortified camp of Zebenkstis Special
Team, which had 27 bunkers. One partisan killed in the 3-hour battle; the partisans retreat. L-86 KA
July 24, 1946 07 24
Through MGB agents Kipsas (Devil) and Kibirkðtis (Spark) DKA (Great Battle Command) leader J. Misiunas
(Zalias Velnias) [Green Devil] gives kapitonas Grieztas (Captain Severe) information about the Command’s
leadership and the composition and weaponry of A and B special teams. Acting on this information MVD
troops begin a mass search for partisans.
L-332 DKA
August 12, 1946
At the request of J. Deksnys, MGB agent J. Markulis calls a meeting of representatives of all the Commands of
the Lithuanian partisans. Meeting takes place in Vilnius, in a flat owned by the MGB. VGPS is formed,
consisting of 2 representatives of each partisan region and also individuals recommended by BDPS. Hence the
VGPÐ was effectively under the control of BDPS.
L-131, 332, LKA3-50, LKA8-64, LKA11-37, LPK-528 OK, VV
August 12-13, 1946
Military Court in Vilnius sentences 19 members of youth groups for having participated in the underground
resistance movement at the behest of LTT (Lithuanian National Council).
LKA7-206, 207 VV
August 13, 1946 08 13
At the insistence of DKA leader “kapitonas Grieztas” (Captain Severe) J. Misiunas (Zalias Velnias) [Green
Devil] comes to Vilnius to attend a meeting of partisan command leaders organised by J. Markulis. The next day
(14 June) J. Misiunas is arrested and later killed.
L-332, LK-625, LKA8-60, LKA11-37, LPK-720 DKA
August 15, 1946
TA (Tauras Command) leadership accepts "Drausmes nuostatai" (Code of Discipline) for Lithuanian Freedom
Fighters.
LK-149 TA
August, 1946
Zebenkstis Special Team, operating in Raseiniai district, is renamed Sernas (Wild Boar) Special Team; after
leading it for only 20 days A. Zaskevicius (Salna) [Frost] leaves to take up a job in Vilnius in the administration
of the BDPS set up by J. Markulis. In September command of the Special Team is taken over by J. Zemaitis; in
November he renames it “Volunteer Special Time” for the purpose of dissimulation.
L-238, 486, LKA12-11 KA
August 23, 1946
DA (Daina Command) Gelezinis Vilkas (Iron Wolf) special team disbanded; its operational territory is assigned
to Dzukai and Merkys Special Teams.
L-201, 483, KDK DA
August 25, 1946
On the orders of P. Zinkevicius, interim leader of VA (Vytautas Command), the leader of Liûtas (Lion) Special
Team, V. Pakstas (Vaidotas) is appointed Deputy Commander; new leader of Liutas Special Team is V.
Kaulinis (Miskinis) [Bushman], former leader of Gediminas Company.
L-299, 490, LKA 16-36, LPK-681 VA
September 1, 1946
TA (Tauras Command) leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys) [Fisherman] order team leaders to keep a record of
atrocities committed by the Soviet invaders against the people of Lithuania.
LK-558 TA
September, 1946
Formal presentation ceremony of service medals to partisans of Vytautas Special Team takes place in village of
Ungurine, Liudvinavas county, district of Marijampole.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
War Chronicle of the Partisans: Part V
September of 1946
Following the arrest of ZA (Samogitian Legion) leader F. Asoklis, the new leader is Captain K. Antanavicius
(Tauras – "Aurochs"); his adjutant is P. Antanavicius; organisational section leader A. Ruzgys (aka Margis
["Dapple"], Algimantas or Algis); command post members K. Malakauskas (Bimba) and German Army officer
Major Vilis (Willis?). Three special teams and their companies formed.
AL-283, L-264, 487, LKA7-3 ZA
September 17, 1946
Partisans of Zagariai village, Balbieriskis county, Prienai district, liquidate LKP CK functionary Bobrikov,
district Komsomol [Communist Youth] 2nd secretary Jucys and 3 stribai.
AKL-50 TA
September 25, 1946
Following a meeting of Special Team representatives on August 12 and 21, JKA (Joint Kestutis Command)
formed from Lydys ("Pike"), Zaltys ("Snake"), Sernas ("Boar"), Vytautas Didysis ("Vytautas the Great") and
Lietuvos laisvës gynëjai ("Defenders of Lithuania's Freedom") Special Teams. Lieutenant J. Kasperavicius (aka
Angis, later Visvydas) appointed Commander; P. Bartkus (Rimgaila) appointed leader of organisational section;
information section - P. Paulaitis-Barkus; representative on J. Markulis' BDPS (General Democratic Resistance
Movement) - A. Zaskevicius (Salna – "Frost"); liaison officer N. Nausedaite (Rasa – "Dew"). The Command
included the regions of Klaipeda, Taurage, Raseiniai and part of the regions of Kaunas, Kedainiai and Siauliai.
Corps of 2,000 fighters, about 500 armed partisans.
L-242, 486, LK-114-132, LKA12-15, 30, 64 KA
September 28, 1946
Group of VÈA (Vytis Command) partisans led by J. Survila (Sarunas) attack town of Siesikai in Ukmerge
district, burn down MVD building, shoot several county activists (communists).
L-491, LKA10-12 VCA
Autumn, 1946
TA (Tauras Command) leader J. Baltusis (Zvejys – "Fisherman") issues instructions to leaders of Special Teams
on destruction of stribai groupings in order to frighten and demoralise the stribai; also instructions on obtaining
grain for the winter from stocks that had been confiscated from farmers by the communist authorities.
DP-213, 216 TA
Autumn, 1946
VA (Vytautas Command) command post consists of interim leader B. Zinkevicius (Artojas – "Ploughman");
command post OIC V. Pakstas (aka Naras – "Diver Bird" or Vaidotas); organisational sector leader V.
Zaliduonis (aka Rokas or Diakonas "Deacon"); military intelligence and liaison section leader J. Buterliauskas
(Tarzanas – "Tarzan"). The command post published the newspaper "Aukstaiciu kova" ("Struggle of the
Highlanders").
L-299, LKA16-21 VA
Autumn, 1946
Following an attack by 3,000 MVD soldiers VA (Vytautas Command) Liûtas ("Lion") Special Team suffers
huge losses; organisational structure saved only by diligent leadership of V. Kaulinis (Miskinis – "Bushman").
LKA16-36 VA
Autumn, 1946
Genys ("Woodpecker") company, which had been active in Joniskis and Siauliai districts, reorganised into JKA
(Joint Kestutis Command) Voverë ("Squirrel") Special Team. Command post located in Zagare county; leader
A. Valancius (Oksas, Tauras) killed in action on 11 August 1947.
NPD-95 KA
Autumn, 1946
2 partisans of VA (Vytautas Command) Tigras ("Tiger") Special Team killed in an attack by MGB troops in
Dvariskiai village, Tvereèius county, Svencionys district. MGB allows 2 other partisans to escape so that they
can tell the other partisans about the feigned death of Team leader A. Kamarauskas (Karijotas), who had been
MGB agent Vlasov since June 1946) and was being withdrawn by the MGB from Tigras Special Team.
L-301, LKA16-61 VA
October 1, 1946
By order of the leader of VA (Vytautas Command), A. Kamarauskas (Karijotas) who could not see eye to eye
with the VA leadership, is replaced as leader of Tigras ("Tiger") Special Team, V. Zaliaduonis (aka Rokas or
Diakonas ("Deacon"), who was at that time in Belarus and not contactable; Tigras Special Team without leader
for about six months.
L-301, LKA16-61 VA
October 11, 1946 (01)
Treachery leads to death of interim leader of VA (Vytautas Command), B. Zinkevicius (Artojas – "Ploughman")
in command post bunker on the Petkevicius farmstead in the settlement of Sudalaukis, Saldutiskis county,
Svenèionys district. Enemies seize command post maps and other documents. V. Pakstas (aka Naras "Diver
Bird" or Vaidotas) believed to have become interim commander.
LKA16-21, 61, (L-302, 490) VA
October 13, 1946
DA (Dainava Command) adjutant A. Ramanauskas (Vanagas – "Hawk") visits site of PLP (South Lithuanian
Partisans) command post in territory of Sarunas Special Team, decides that command post no longer functional
after the death of J. Vitkus (Kazimieraitis – "son of Kazimieras"). A. Kulikauskas (Daktaras – "Doctor") departs
for Vilnius to join J. Markulis' BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement); S. Staniskis (Litas)
withdraws from partisan movement; DA leader D. Jecys (Azuolis – "Oak") offered task of reviving PLP
command post activity.
RD-260, L-152 DA
October, 1946
Previously autonomous Algirdas and Dobilas companies of Sarunas Special Team (led by A. Slucka –
"Sarunas") in the Kupiskis district become part of VA (Vytautas Command).
LKA16-121 VA
October, 1946
ZA (Samogitian Command) Alka Special Team now headed by K. Venckus (Adomaitis); confirmed as leader
on 25 July 1947. L-267, 487
ZA
October 22, 1946
TA (Tauras Command) leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys – Fisherman) and several of his fighters attacked by NKVD
troops in village of Viltrakiai, Zvirgzdaiciai county, Sakiai district. Death of leader of Zalgiris Special Team, J.
Ilgunas, also TA founder J. Pileckis (Sarunas) and several partisans. J. Jasulaitis (Kazokas) becomes leader of
Zalgiris Special Team.
L-170, 479, LBD-145, 185, 187, LK-616 TA
October 23, 1946
VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys ("Bear") Special Team partisans, led by A. Ivaska, assail Communist party
branch meeting in Suviekas village, Imbradas county, Zarasai district, killing E. Misiunas, executive committee
chairman for Zarasai district, also Suviekas electorate committee chairman P. Berdinskas, and wounding owner
of the house, P. Malinauskas and Zarasai Communist party committee instructor P. Aruliene.
LKA16-83 VA
November 1, 1946
MGB agent "Vlasov" (VGPS [Supreme Armed Forces Command] leader A. Kamarauskas – "Colonel Vytis")
gives J. Luksa the rank of captain, appoints him adjutant of VGPS command post, member of the Military
College, and puts him in charge of VGPS organisational matters and liaison with other partisan Commands.
DP-210, 211, 478 VV
November 1, 1946
DA (Dainava Command) leader D. Jecys (Azuolis – "Oak") takes charge of PLP (South Lithuania Partisans),
makes leader of TA (Tauras Command) his deputy.
L-152, (L-477) PL
November 14, 1946 (15)
Partisans led by V. Voveris (Zaibas – "Lightning") kill 18 MVD agents and stribai, including the MVD chief of
Daugai county, near Rakatanskai village, Daugai county, Alytus district.
AKL-12, LK-218, LKA6-8, (L-220) DA
November, 1946
Meeting of leaders of TA (Tauras Command) with participation of TA leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys –
"Fisherman"), TA political section leader A. Vabalas (Gediminas) and leaders of Special Teams, J. Luksa and J.
Markulis. VGPS (Supreme Armed Forces Command) leadership role in partisan activity acknowledged;
meeting of all Lithuanian partisan district commanders scheduled for 18 January 1947, when creation of BDPS
(General Democratic Resistance Movement) and VLAK (Supreme Committee for Restoration of Lithuania)
would be officially confirmed.
DP-484 PL, OK, TA, VV
November, 1946
Destruction of LPS (Lithuanian Partisans' Union)Gediminas organisation, which had been operating in Uzpales,
Juzintai and Svedasai counties. Remaining members joined VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys ("Bear") Special
Team.
L-295 VA
November 20-22, 1946
Vilnius War Tribunal passes death sentence on LTT (Lithuanian National Council) activists J. Noreika ir Z.
Serksnas. S. Gorodeckis is sentenced to ten years in prison.
LKA7-176 VV
November 26, 1946
Arrest in Vilnius of DA (Dainava Command) partisan representative on BDPS (General Democratic Resistance
Movement), A. Kulikauskas (Daktaras – "Doctor").
DP-521, 522, LK-594 VV
End of 1946
First VGPS (Supreme Armed Forces Command) meeting takes place in the headquarters (Zygio Street,
Vilnius). BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) represented by J. Markulis; VGPS by A.
Kamarauskas ("Colonel Vytis"), J. Luksa (Kazimieras) and A. Zaskevicius (Tautvaisa). VGPS issues first edict,
prepared by J. Luksa, confirming division of Lithuania into 3 regions of partisan activity; regional partisan leaders
confirmed.
DP-482 OK, VV
End of 1946
A. Morkunas (Plienas – "Steel"), leader of DKA (Great Battle Command) B Special Team refuses to report
state of weaponry and liaison to DKA leader "Kapitonas Grieztas" – "Captain Severe".
L-334 DKA
December 7, 1946
Arrest of author K. Bajercius, organiser and supporter of South Lithuania partisans, lecturer at Alytus Teachers'
College. Did not betray anyone; tortured to death by MGB in Alytus prison at the beginning of 1947.
Posthumously awarded Laisves Kovos Karzygis (Hero of Freedom Struggle) medal honoris causa.
LK-586 PL
December 9, 1946
Partisans attack Skapiskis railway station in the district of Rokiskis killing stationmaster and 2 individuals.
L-25, AKL-33 VA
December 20, 1946
Leader of DKA (Great Battle Command) MGB agent "Kapitonas Grieztas" ("Captain Severe") orders
submission of DKA to J. Markulis' BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement); appoints active partisan
leaders B. Trakymas (Genelis – "Little Woodpecker"), L. Kupciunas (Tigras – "Tiger"), P. Klimavicius (Uosis –
"Ash Tree") and others to DKA command post. During 1947 "Captain Severe" arranged false documents for all
of these so they could live in Vilnius. In February-March 1948 they were arrested and sentenced, some being
unwittingly used for MGB purposes.
L-332, 333 VDr DKA
December 22, 1946
Meeting of leaders of JKA (Joint Kestutis Command). Participation of Commander J. Kasperavièius
(Visvydas), organisational sector leader P. Bartkus (Rimgaila), also J. Markulis (Erelis – "Eagle"), J. Luksa
(Kazimieras), A. Zaskevièius (Tautvaisa). Those present agreed to participate in another leaders' meeting on 18
January 1947. J. Markulis was able to ascertain approximate position of command post location.
L-243, DP-485, LKA12-16 VV, OK
December 25, 1946
MVD troops attack partisans of LKA Special Team led by Povilas Luksys as they celebrate Christmas in the
belltower of the chapel on Labunava Manor in Kedainiai district. Despite their spirited resistance, 4 partisans
and 7 supporters – among them 4 women – were killed or shot themselves. A. Dalbokas (Imperatorius –
"Emperor"), leader of the partisans of 4th region, and liaison officer A. Muralis (Vingis) surrendered and
betrayed their comrades. As a result, 28 team members were arrested, including deputy leader, team founder
Sub- Lieutenant J. Jasinevicius (Margis – "Dapple").
MK-118, 123. LKA22-198 KA
December 28, 1946
After considering available evidence, J. Lukða, A. Zaskevicius and B. Barzdziukas realise that J. Markulis is an
MGB agent. J. Luksa leaves Vilnius to take news of J. Markulis' treachery to TA (Tauras Command).
L-133, LKA11-40 VV
January 3, 1947
Partisans of Dainava Command operating in the forest of Gediminas cut down telephone poles along a 2.5 km
stretch of the Alytus-Daugai road, destroying 2 lorries and 1 car and killing an MVD officer.
LBD-228 DA
January 4, 1947
Betrayal causes death of TA (Tauras Command) Zalgiris Special Team leader J. Jasulaitis (Kazokas) in the
village of Kampines, Veiveriai county, Marijampole district. Also killed was chief of finance section, A.
Martinaitis (Kapsas). V. Strimas (Sturmas - "Storm") becomes new leader.
LBD-183, 184, LK-601 TA
January 6, 1947
On his return to Vilnius after his errand to TA (Tauras Command), J. Luksa meets with B. Barzdziukas, A.
Varkala, A. Zaskevicius, S. Luksa and N. Nausedaite. Attempting to expose the suspect J. Markulis they
invited him to visit Vytautas Command. J. Markulis declined the offer, possibly having been warned off by A.
Zaskevièius.
LKA12-158 VV
January 10, 1947
By order of MGB agent, BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) Chairman J. Markulis, A. Baltusis
(Zvejys - "Fisherman") is appointed leader of PL (Southern Lithuania) region. On 12 January J. Kimstas is
appointed leader of RL (Eastern Lithuania) region. Through its front organisation, the BDPS, the MGB sought
to lead the partisan movement. J. Markulis advised that he was changing his code name of Erelis ("Eagle") to
"Doctor Narutavicius". He also changed the code name of secret MGB agent Azuolas ("Oak") to "Noreika"),
thus hoping to mislead the partisans who suspected him.
L-401, LKA11-41 RL, OK
Early January, 1947
TA (Tauras Command) leaders, Zemaitijan (Samogitian) partisans and legally documented secret underground
activists warned of J. Markulis' treachery.
LKA11-6 VV
January 12, 1947
On order of TA (Tauras Command) leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys – "Fisherman") Birute Special Team is created
to strengthen partisan activity in Kaunas and surrounding districts. From 20 January 1947 Team leader is J.
Luksa (Skirmantas). Kestutis Special Team is formed in Vilkaviskis district from Vytautas and Zalgiris Special
Teams. K. Pinkvarta (Desinys – "Right Hander") appointed leader but unable to take up appointment because
of illness. On 10 April K. Greblikas (Sakalas – "Falcon") is appointed leader.
LKA3-30 TA
January 15-16, 1947
As J. Markulis' treachery becomes clear, TA (Tauras Command) convenes urgent meeting of fighters'
representatives at its command post. TA represented by leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys – "Fisherman"), political
section leader V. Vabalas (Gediminas) and Special Team leaders A. Varkala (Zaliukas – "Greenie"), V. Strimas
(Sturmas "Storm") and V. Gavenas (Vampyras – "Vampire"). DA (Dainava Command) represented by J.
Kriksciunas (Rimvydas). Also present were former VGPS (Supreme Armed Forces Command) 2nd group
leader A. Zaskevicius (Tautvaisa) and former VGPS adjutant J. Luksa (Kazimieras). KA (Kestutis Command)
and VA (Vytautas Command) representatives were not able to attend. It was decided to marginalise MGB
provocateur J. Markulis from all sensitive dealings and to form a new BDPS (General Democratic Resistance
Movement) and VGPS; to establish links abroad; to invite Commands which were not represented at the
meeting to cooperate with the new BDPS and VGPS. An interim BDPS committee was formed chaired by A.
Vabalas (Gediminas). VGPS command post established under A. Baltusis. Commands invited to nominate
representatives for command post.
L-133, LK-269-273, LKA11-17 VV
January, 1947
JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) Battalion Nr. 8 (formerly called Lithuanian Freedom Defenders Special Team)
renamed Trys Lelijos ("Three Lilies") Special Team. Leader P. Paulaitis (Barkus).
L-242, 258, 485, LKA12-15, LKA18-84, 85 KA
January 17, 1947 01 17
inaugural meeting of VLAK (Supreme Committee for Restoration of Lithuania) delegation abroad in Stockholm.
Decision to maintain links and exchange information with still-operating Lithuanian diplomatic missions abroad
through Head of Diplomatic Corps, S. Lozoraitis; also with VLIK executive committee. Overseas delegation
consisted of J. Deksnys, V. Staneika, Vokietaitis, Bieliukas and S. Zakevièius (Zymantas). LKA8-71 VV
Early 1947
VCA (Vytis Command) command post consists of Commander D. Vaitelis and staff members Will(is) [a
German], J. Kilijokas (Mikas – "Mike"), A. Kadzys, A. Sivys (Salapka), V. Darguzis (Zvirblis – "Sparrow"), A.
Pakeltis, V. Burbulis (Begunas – "Runner"), J. Jaskonis (Anukas – "Grandson"). It is believed that the VCA
command post had no sectional structure in 1946-1947 and did not issue any edicts, instructions or
publications. Command post staff visited partisan units and conveyed verbal orders to them.
LKA10-19, 20 VCA
February 14, 1947
TA (Tauras Command) legal adviser Budrys publishes Act No. 4 concerning bolshevik crimes in relation to
illegal elections of 9 February 1947; 18 breaches of electoral statutes listed. Act signed by Budrys and 2
witnesses: A. Baltusis (Zvejys – "Fisherman") and Father J. Lelesius (Gafas).
DP-248 TA
February, 1947
MGB agent L. Maksimov (Antanas) goes to Poland to see partisan liaison officer Peèeliûnas to clarify channels
of communication. Peceliunas informed Vokietaitis and J. Deksnys in Stockholm of the discussion.
LKA8-69 OK
February 16, 1947
Duktas forest near Siauliai: death of KA (Kestutis Command) Vytautas Didysis Special Team leader Senior
Warrant Officer J. Beloglovas (aka Algis or Zydrunas), who had been with the partisans since the autumn of
1944. Also killed were 3 command post members. New leader is J. Puslys (Gailius).
LKA8-54, 56 KA
February 18-19, 1947
Under instructions from TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas Special Team leader V. Gavënas (Vampyras –
"Vampire") J. Senkutë – (Puselë – "Little Pine") organises a Shrovetide ball, which is also supposed to be an
"engagement party", to which she invites several Communist party activists from Marijampole. The "fiancé",
Vytautas Special Team command post member K. Pyplys (Mazytis – "Littlie") kills 4 Communists, including S.
Bakevicius, district Communist Party First Secretary, a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR;
Gurevicius, director of internal passports section; and county executive committee chairman Jasiunas.
DP-248, L-169, LK-228, VT-155 TA
March 5, 1947
Partisans of TA (Tauras Command) Gelezinis Vilkas ("Iron Wolf") Special Team engage in battle with NKVD
troops from Garliava in Jurgiskiai village, Garliava county, Kaunas district. Death of 4 partisans and 8 NKVD
men.
LBD-176, 214, 220 TA
March, 1947
At the DA (Dainava Command) headquarters in the pine forest of Punia, PLP (South Lithuania Partisans) leader
D. Jecys (Azuolis – "Oak") authorises A. Baltusis (Zvejys – "Fisherman") to represent DA in discussions with
the partisans of Zemaitija (Samogitia). He also endorsed A. Baltusis' efforts to establish links with the West.
These decisions of D. Jecys were confirmed by A. Ramanauskas, who became leader of DA in the autumn of
1947. J. Zemaitis (Vytautas) considered A. Baltusis to be de facto leader of PLP.
L-153, 154, 477 DA
March, 1947
JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) command post prepares operational guidelines for the OS (organisational
sector).
LK-157 KA
March 19, 1947
Partisans of TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas Special Team, led by V. Gavenas (Vampyras – "Vampire") took
over the Bukta "sovchoz" (State collective farm) located on the former Bukta estate in the county of
Liudvinavas, Marijampole district, destroying sovchoz and local forestry documents. An ambush was set for
NKVD men, border guards and stribai who came to investigate. In the ensuing shoot-out they shot about 20
NKVD soldiers and stribai (9 according to MGB sources); 2 partisans were killed.
DP-262, LBD-162, LPK-535 TA
Spring of 1947
Mass interrogations of residents of Suvalkija as MGB endeavours to ascertain partisan gathering points, extent
of their weaponry and suchlike.
DP-235 OK
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
War Chronicle of the Partisans: Part VI
April 6, 1947 Partisans of VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys (“Bear”) Special Team led by A. Ivaska kill
Sokolov, head of MGB of Latvian SSR Ilukste region; also MGB operative Usov and 2 MGB soldiers.
LKA16-83 VA
April 9, 1947 MGB agent activity causes destruction of ZA (Samogitian Command) command post on the
outskirts of Plunge; Commander K. Antanavicius (Tauras – “Aurochs”) killed; new self-proclaimed leaders of
ZA are K. Juozaitis (Meteoras – “Meteor”) head of Satrija Special Team and J. Ivanauskas (Vygandas).
MGB-incited internal wrangling leads to destruction of K. Juozaitis’ command post; new leader is J. Ivanauskas.
L-265, AL-283, LKA7-4, LKA15-286 ZA
April 10, 1947 TA (Tauras Command) establishes 24th (“Maironis”) Company to guard command post and
expand operations; leader is K. Pyplys (Mazytis – “Littlie”). In December 1947 K. Pyplys goes abroad; new
leader is J. Ciplijauskas (Sakalas - “Falcon”).
LKA3-31 TA
April 12, 1947 (09) (10) (18) MVD soldiers attack JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) command post bunker on
the Jukna farmstead near the town of Batakiai, Taurage district. JKA leader J. Kasperavicius (Visvydas) and his
adjutant A. Biliunas (Dziugas) destroy documents and blow themselves up.
L-486, LK-622, LKA7-60, (LKA7-77, (LK-584), (RD-238, RZ-44, 51) KA
April 12 or 13, 1947 JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) agitation and propaganda section head P. Paulaitis (Aidas
“Echo”) arrested at the house of J. Zickus in Poskai village, Skaudvile county, Taurage district.
LKA18-85, 86, (LKA13-113) KA
Spring of 1947
Seeking to involve legally registered civilians in the newly- formed BDPS (General Democratic Resistance
Movement) and thereby to solve the problem of political representation, A. Baltusis (Zvejys – “Fisherman”)
establishes Central Partisan Leadership in Kaunas. Members of new BDPS are J. Bazilevicius (Taucius), Father
Stankunas (Stonis), poet A. Miskinis (Kaukas “Goblin”), former operatic soloist A. Kucingis (Kalvaitis) and
others. Interim chairman is V. Seliokas, who used to sign documents with the code name “Gintautas”. 25th
Company formed to maintain links with other Commands.
L-134, 135, 169, 170, LKA11-9, 80 VV
April of 1947
Traitor J. Markulis organises personal documents for VA (Vytautas Command) leader J. Kimstas (Zalgiris –
“Grünwald”) in order to lure him from his forest hideaway and get him arrested.
LKA11-42 VA
April of 1947
J. Luiksa (Skrajunas – “Pilot”) and J. Kriksciunas (Rimvydas) cross Polish border on their way to the West to
for liaison and to denounce treachery of J. Markulis.
LK-478 VV
April of 1947
Meeting of BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) chaired by A. Baltusis (Zvejys – “Fisherman”)
with representatives of PLP (South Lithuania Partisans). Discussion centres on matter of maintaining
representatives of the armed resistance movement abroad. It is noted that given the present conditions there may
be too many partisans; 5-6 Commands with about 100 fighters in each might be enough.
LKA11-92 VV
April 22-34, 1947
DA (Dainava Command) leaders meeting in the pine forest of Punia. Discussion of Command leader D. Jecys’
(Àzuolis – “Oak”) conflict with former group leaders (now withdrawn from partisan movement) of Juozapavicius
ir Kestutis groups. Decision to intensify action against occupying regime.
L-203, KDK, RD-300-308 D
April 26 or 27, 1947
Death of ZA (Samogitian Command) Kardas (“Sword”) Special Team Palanga Company leader A. Grabys
(Vaidila). New leader, S. Skersys (Kovas – “Raven”), is wounded and captured in 1948, dies in transit to
Vilnius.
LKA21-142, 143 ZA
April 27, 1947
Death of officer-in-charge of TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas Special Team command post, V. Vabalas
(Kunigaikstis – “Duke”), the head of the security subsection A. Peciulis (Baritonas – “Baritone”) and
communications officer J. Senkute (“Pusele” – “Little Pine”) when they are surrounded by MVD troops in the
“Seklycia” (“Chapel”) command post bunker in Gulbiniskiai village, Liudvinavas county, Marijampole district as
a result of betrayal by the command post liaison officer. Rather than surrender, they blew themselves up.
LBD-189, 206, L-170, LKA3-35 TA
May 1, 1947
By order of J. Kimstas, leader of SRL (Northwest Lithuania partisans) and VA (Vytautas Command), a new
Algimantas Command (ALA) is formed. Leader is A. Slucka (Sarunas); command post OIC is A. Starkus
(Monte); head of agitation and propaganda is J. Urbonas (Lakstutis); finances S. Slucka (Bistrunas); leader’s
adjutant Kisielius (Sakalas – “Falcon”). Command consisted of 4 companies of Sarunas Special Team, called:
Grazina, Algirdas, Butageidis and Jovaras. Area of operations is districts of Rokiskis and Utenos as well as
some counties of Panevezys district.
L-336, LK-616, VAr ALA
May of 1947
New command structure of KA (Kestutis Command) Vytautas Didysis (“Vytautas the Great)” Special Team.
Leader is S. Raziulis (Mazylis); head of information section is L. Grigonis (Zveinys); head of organisational
section is V. Sniuolis (aka Svajunas [“Dreamer”] or Savanoris [“Volunteer”] – ex leader of former Zebenkstis
or Sernas (“Boar”) Special Team); team leader is E. Krutinaitis (Kalnius); command post OIC is B.
Neverdauskas (Papartis – “Fern”).
LKA8-56, L-249, LK-614, LKA13-6 KA
May 17, 1947
New ZA (Samogitian Command) Satrija Special Team leader is S. Jazdauskas (Nurmis); arrested on 24
November 1947.
L-269, 487 ZA
May 18, 1947
TA (Tauras Command) command post member V. Stepulevicius (aka Stepulis or Mindaugas – former leader of
Sarunas Special Team) dies as a result of betrayal in Janenai village, Sventezerio county, Lazdijai district.
LBD-200 TA
May 19, 1947
J. Luksa and J. Kriksciunas meet in Poland with J. Deksnys and denounce the treachery of J. Markulis. They
also conveyed the call of VGPS (Supreme Armed Forces Command) to Lithuanian organisations abroad to
support the partisans. Convinced by J. Deksnys of the desperate situation in Lithuania, they return on 5 June to
join in battle of Liubavas. With them came A. Marcinonis (Balandis – “Dove”), former member of Vytautas
Special Team, who had been working in Poland.
DP-280, L-47-9 VV, TA
May 20-25, 1947
JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) leaders’ meeting: J. Zemaitis (aka Dainius [“Bard”], Tylius [“Quiet”] and Zaltys
[“Grass Snake”] elected leader. Command post OIC is P. Bartkus (Zadgaila); operational section led by V.
Guzas (Kardas “Sword”); information section by A. Liesys (Tauras – “Aurochs”). In the spring of 1948 V.
Ivanauskas (aka Vytenis or Gintautas) joined the command post staff.
L-249, LKA13-5,6 KA
June 6, 1947
Marijampole district, Kalvarija county, Menkupe village: MVD troops attack TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas
Special Team 4th company’s command post hide-out, code named “Baltieji rumai – White House”. V.
Gurevicius (Ateitis – “Future”) and B. Rutkauskas (Apuokas – “Eagle Owl”) shoot themselves; A. Marcinonis
(Balandis – “Dove”) is captured alive.
LKA3-36 TA
June 13, 1947
Meeting of VA (Vytautas Command) and ALA (Algirdas Command) leaders. SRL (Northwest Lithuania)
regional leader J. Kimstas (Zalgiris – “Grünwald”) tells regional leaders he would like to resign as VA leader,
but no suitable candidate for replacement is available.
LKA16-23, PAK ALA, RL, VA, VV
June 15, 1947
VGPS (Supreme Armed Forces Command) issues order to Command leaders to prepare operational plans for
possible war, mass deportations of civilians and general mobilisation.
LK-281 VV
June 24, 1947
Partisans flee as enemy troops surround grove of Simonys in the district of Panevezys. Fleeing partisans capture
2 enemy collaborators, one of whom – the wife of J. Kimsta – had brutally tortured to death a farm boy.
L-338 VA
Summer of 1947
A. Baltusis (Zvejys – “Fisherman”) organises establishment of replacement organisation for BDPS (Bendrasis
demokratinio pasipriesinimo sàjudis - General Democratic Resistance Movement). Called BDLS (Bendrasis
demokratinis Lietuvos sàjudis - General Democratic Union of Lithuania), its aim was to make a distinction
between it and the BDPS, which had now come under MGB control through J. Markulis. A. Baltusis
established links with Algimantas, Vytautas, Vytis, Dainava, and the Joint Kestutis Command. This lessened the
pernicious influence of J. Markulis and the MGB on the partisan movement.
L-134, LKA11-8,9 VV
Summer of 1947
DKA (Great Battle Command) Special Team A has 4 battalions, each of 40-50 people; controlled by MGB,
no active operations accomplished.
L-333 DKA
Summer of 1947
Total destruction of LKA (Freedom Battle Command) Trys Lelijos (Three Lilies) Special Team.
L-243 KA
July 1, 1947
Valas Company of Zalioji (Green) Special Team joins ALA (Algimantas Command). Team active in Gelezes
and Rozalimas counties, led by V. Cesnakavicius (aka Valas or Daujotas); command post leader J. Janusevicius
(aka Raksnys or Vilkas – “Wolf”).
L-337, 338, LKA8-33
July of 1947
J. Kimstas (Zalgiris) appoints V. Kaulinis (aka as Miskinis – “Bushman” or Utenis, former leader of Liutas
[Lion] Special Team) leader of VA (Vytautas Command). V. Kaulinis invites Liutas colleagues V. Laucius
(Kirvis – “Axe”) and V. Grigaliunas (Sakalas – “Falcon” to join him on the staff of VA command post. New
leader of Liutas Special Team is J. Morkunas (aka Viesulas [“Whirlwind”], Siaurys [“North Wind”] or Vejas
[“Wind”].
L-303, LKA16-121 VA
August 11, 1947
Acting on information from an MGB agent, enemy troops attack DA (Dainava Command) headquarters in the
pine forest of Punia. In the 1½ hour battle DA and Dzukai Special Team leader D. Jecys (Àzuolis “Oak”) is
killed, as are the leaders of the Punia, Margiris and Vaidotas groups. A. Ramanauskas (Vanagas – “Hawk”)
becomes interim leader of DA.
L-201, 204, 483, LK-284, RD-362 DA
August 14, 1947
Partisans of VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys (“Bear”) Special Team led by J. Streikus (Stumbras – “Bison”)
liquidated Ilukste (Latvia) MGB chief Major M. Bunin and his second-in-command. This was done with the
assistance of former MGB agent E. Pleps, who was installed in the group by Bunin himself, but had been
exposed by the partisans. At that time the group was operating in Latvia.
DL-69 VA
August of 1947
First TA (Tauras Command) partisan training course. Attended by about 70 people including command post
personnel and fighters from Zalgiris, Vytautas, and Kestutis special teams. Course graduates became non-
commissioned officers.
DP-317, L-479 TA
August of 1947
ALA (Algimantas Command) leader A. Slucka (Sarunas) and VA (Vytautas Command) leader V. Kaulinis
(Miskinis – “Bushman”) come to Vilnius at the invitation of J. Markulis. A. Slucka is injured, but sensing
treachery they manage to escape danger.
LKA16-23, PAK ALA, VA
August of 1947
Injured A. Slucka seeks refuge with leader of ALA (Algimantas Command), DKA (Joint Kestutis Command)
Special Team B leader A. Morkunas (Plienas – “Steel”). The latter, on finding out about J. Markulis’
collaboration with the MGB, severs relations with MGB-controlled DKA command post.
L-333, VDr DKA
August of 1947
The governing body of BDLS (Bendrasis demokratinis Lietuvos sàjudis - “General Democratic Union of
Lithuania) of A. Baltusis (Zvejys - “Fisherman”), the supreme Lithuanian partisan leadership, undergoes name
change to BDPS Presidium (Bendrasis demokratinio pasipriesinimo sàjudis prezidiumas– “General Democratic
Resistance Movement Presidium”).
L-134, LKA11-8 VV
August 20, 1947
TA (Tauras Command) leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys - “Fisherman”) announces organisational changes. J. Luksa
(Skirmantas) appointed interim head of military intelligence section of the Command. Vytautas Special Team
leader V. Gavenas (Vampyras – “Vampire”) is relieved of command and transferred to Zalgiris (“Grünwald”)
Special Team. Kestutis Special Team leader K. Greblikas (Sakalas – “Falcon”) appointed leader of Vytauto
Special Team. Sarunas Special Team leader P. Kucinskas (aka Apinys – “Hop” or Ainis – “Grandson”)
becomes leader of Kestutis Special Team.
L-170, LKA3-34,36 TA
August 20, 1947 (30) (06 26) (1947 06)
By order Nr. 27 of A. Baltusis of 30 August 1947 Sarunas Special Team is transferred from TA (Tauras
Command) to DA (Dainava Command).
L-168, LKA3-31, (L-477, 479), (L-202), (L-483, KDK) DA, TA
August 27, 1947
Sitting of J. Markulis’ BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) War College in the territory of Vytis
Command, near the village of Adomonys, Panevezys district. J. Markulis insisted that the new BDPS (later
renamed BDLS - General Democratic Union of Lithuania) reformed at the beginning of 1947 by A. Baltusis
(Zvejys – “Fisherman”) and J. Luksa (Skirmantas) was actually just a power grab and the allegations of treason
were only a smear against him. VCA (Vytis Command) leader D. Vaitelis did not believe that J. Markulis was a
collaborator.
L-317, 492, LKA11-44 VCA
September 1, 1947
BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) Presidium Chairman issues edict Nr. 22 stipulating the
formation of six partisan commands in Lithuania, which would be headed by BDPS staff and would answer to
the leadership of VGPS (Supreme Armed Forces Command). The War Council (Karo taryba) would be
composed of Command leaders and would have the right to change the composition of the BDPS Presidium
and VGPS.
LKA11-8, L-134 VV
September 4, 1947
Avikilai village, Marijampole county: Treason leads to attack on TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas Special Team
command post. Death of command post finance section head, M. Zilionis (Plunksna – “Feather”) and employee
L. Lisauskaite (Ramune – “Chamomile”); command post documents and flag of Vytautas Special Team
confiscated.
L-171, LKA3-36 TA
September of 1947
Arrest in Vilnius of Lieutenant A. Ragauskas (Ragelis), leader of JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) Povilas Luksys
Special Team as he was on his way to try to eliminate the traitor A. Dalbokas, who had become the leader of a
group of MGB assassins. In November deputy Team leader J. Paliunas (Rytas – “Morning”) gathers the
remaining team members in the forest of Paliepiai and assigns them to JKA Savanoris (“Volunteer”) Special
Team.
LKA22-199 KA
September of 1947
Mass arrests begin after MGB infiltration of VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys (“Bear”) Special Team. Leader
K. Kaladinskas (aka Ersketis [“Blackthorn”] or Sarka [“Magpie”]) orders partisans to hide in groups of 2-3
people.
LKA16-85 VA
September 20, 1947 (02)
J. Kimstas (Zalgiris) issues order Nr. 19 which directs partisan leaders to cut off all relations with the BDPS
(General Democratic Resistance Movement) led and controlled by J. Markulis (Erelis – “Eagle”).
L-284, 317, LKA10-21, (LKA16-24) RL
September 21, 1947
Arrest in Kaunas of TA (Tauras Command) Birute Special Team leader S. Jakstavicius. He reveals
whereabouts of command post bunker.
DP-352, L-171, LBD-196, 219, LK-590, 603, LKA3-36 TA
September 24, 1947
Destruction of TA (Tauras Command) Birute Special Team command post bunker on Daunoras farmstead near
Veiveriai township, Marijampole district. Death of Team leader Captain J. Bulota (Anbo), chaplain L. Lelesius
(Grafas – “Duke”) and four command post staff. New leader is J. Alescikas (Rymantas).
DP-352, L-171, LBD-196, 219, LK-590, 603, LKA3-36 TA
September 24-25, 1947
Meeting of leaders of DA (Dainava Command) in the forests of Marcinkonys county. Participation of 27 leaders
of special teams, battalions, groups, units. A. Ramanauskas (Vanagas – “Hawk") is elected leader of the
Command; S. Staniskis (aka Antanaitis – “Son of Anthony” or Litas) becomes OIC of command post; J.
Kriksciunas (Rimvydas) in charge of communications; J. Baliukevicius (Dzukas) in charge of press and
propaganda. Battalions are called “groups”; Merkys Special Team is named in honour of Partisan Kazimieraitis.
Juozapavicius and Kestutis groups are brought into the Command structure.
L-206, 483, RD-380-382 DA
End of September, 1947
B. Labenas (Kariunas – “Warrior”) appointed leader of DA (Dainava Command) Sarunas Special Team,
replacing interim leader J. Mikelionis (Vargdienis – “Battler”).
L-203 DA
September 30, 1947 (03)
Death of J. Survila (Sarunas) assistant of VCA (Vytis Command) leader D. Vaitelis; replaced by Lieutenant P.
Blieka. A. Stimburys (Tankistas “Tankman”) becomes leader of VCA partisans in Ukmerge district.
LKA10-12, 14, (L-316) VCA
October of 1947
SRL (Northwest Lithuania) leader J. Kimstas (Zalgiris), now convinced of J. Markulis’ treachery, recognises
BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) Presidium of A. Baltusis (Zvejys – “Fisherman”).
DP-508 VV, RL
October of 1947
ZA (Samogitian Command) leader J. Ivanauskas (Vygantas) goes to Vilnius to meet with J. Markulis and BDPS
(General Democratic Resistance Movement) leadership; sends “his” instructions to Command: they are to
change their modus operandi and go over to passive resistance. At the end of October. J. Ivanauskas and all
command post staff are arrested. ZA is without leadership until spring of 1948.
L-266, 488, LKA7-4 ZA
October 25, 1947
Meskuciai village, Marijampole district. Death by treason of TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas Special Team
head of military intelligence, TA foundation member A. Ratkelis (Ozelis – “Kid”) and command post staff
member A. Salinka (Dainius – “Bard”): suicide by explosives in bunker.
L-171, 479, LBD-190, LKA3-37 TA
October 28, 1947
Palaima village, Keturvalakiai county, Vilkaviskis district. Betrayal leads to death of TA (Tauras Command)
Vytautas Special Team 42nd Company leader Lieutenant V. Zaloneris (Perlas – “Pearl”), clerk S. Bubnys
(Gusaras – “Hussar”) and communicator J. Kazeliute (Saulute – “Daisy”), who had been involved in the
“Shrovetide Ball” incident.
LK-613, LKA3-37 TA
November 12 (or 16), 1947
Obsrutai village, Pilviskiai county, Vilkaviskis district.
Leader of TA (Tauras Command) Zalgiris Special Team V. Strimas (Sturmas “Storm”) and 70 partisans
surround village where 15 families of Russian colonists were living. Thirty-five of the Russians were armed, two
had machine guns. When the colonists disobeyed the partisans’ order to evacuate the village, the partisans
opened fire, killing 31 colonists, the others fleeing.
DP-355, GM-64, LKA3-34, (AKL-83, VT-199) TA
Between 12 and 15 November 1947
Puziniskis village, Zarasai district.
Traitor J. Lukosevicius reveals whereabouts of VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys (“Bear”) Special Team
command post. Soviet soldiers surround command post, start battle; death of Team leader K. Kaladinskas
(Ersketis – “Blackthorn”), his adjutant A. Skuncikas (aka Koltas, Kursis) and 2 fighters. P. Cicenas (Zalgiris)
becomes interim leader of Team.
LKA16-85, (L-303), (DL-258) VA
November 1947
JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) leader J. Zemaitis (Tylius – “Quiet”) appoints P. Bartkus (Mazrimas) and B.
Liesys (Kaukas – “Goblin”) to organise PA (Revival Command) in the districts of Joniskis and Siauliai on the
basis of Vovere (“Squirrel”) and Atzalynas (“Regrowth”) Special Teams.
L-274 PA
November 18, 1947
Partisans capture the town of Batakiai in the Taurage district for the second time; prisoners liberated.
AKL-70, L-486, RZ-60 KA
November 18, 1947
Leaders of Tauras and Dainava Commands agree to proposal for structure of BDPS (General Democratic
Union of Lithuania) Presidium and send it with endorsements to leaders of other Commands.
LKA11-9 DA, TA
1947 autumn
Partisans of ALA (Algimantas Command) Zalioji (Green) Special Team take over town of Vaskai in Pasvalys
district, confiscating 110,000 roubles from office of tax inspectors.
LKA8-38, LKA17-117 ALA
end of 1947
V. Rukuiza (Lampeo), leader of one of the VCA (Vytis Command) partisan groups and six of his partisans are
enticed by MGB agent J. Markulis to “legalise” their status using false documents supplied by him and to settle
in Vilnius. At the end of December all are arrested.
LKA10-20 VCA
end of 1947
Dainava Command issues new guidelines re awards for partisans. Each partisan or supporter could be
decorated up to three times for diligence and three times for bravery. Awards for diligence were 1st, 2nd or 3rd
class medals of LKK (Laisves Kovos Kryzius – “Freedom Struggle Cross”); awards for bravery were 1st, 2nd
or 3rd class medals of LKK (su kardais – “with swords”).
RD-416 DA
1947 12 14
BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) Presidium edict Nr. 1002 authorises departure to West of
J. Luksa (Skrajunas – “Runner”) and K. Pyplys (Audronis) in order to publicise the situation in Lithuania, to
garner support for the nation’s struggle, and to clarify relations between VLIK (Supreme Committee for the
Liberation of Lithuania and BDPS delegates abroad. These two partisans also delivered to Pope Pius XI a letter
from the Roman Catholics of Lithuania, as well as samples of underground press publications, documents,
photographs, partisan songbooks, lists of people deported by the Russians to Siberia, military intelligence
reports, and documents authorising J. Deksnys to further represent the Lithuanian resistance movement abroad.
L-136, LK-(464-477), LKA5-47 VV
December 1947
S. Staniskis (Litas) becomes leader of DA (Dainava Command) Dzukai Special Team.
L-201 DA
December 1947
Formation of DGA (Darius & Girenas Command) from six partisan groups operating in the Birzai and Pasvalys
districts. Command leader is P. Tupenas –Àzuolas (“Oak”), command post OIC is J. Kucinskas.
LPK-567 VCA
December 21, 1947
Returning from Poland with an escort of armed partisans, J. Luksa (Skrajunas – “Runner”) and K. Pyplys
(Audronis) are involved in a skirmish with Soviet border guards at the bridge over the Rominta River in a stretch
of the Heinemune Forest (former German East Prussia). Three partisans killed.
LKA5-60, DP-367 TA
December 26, 1947
Sardokai village, Vilkaviskis county.
Death by treachery of TA (Tauras Command) Kestutis Special Team leader P. Kucinskas (Ainis –
“Grandson”).
LBD-190 TA
October 1947 to January 1948.
Discussions between TA (Tauras Command) leader A. Baltusis (Zvejys – “Fisherman”) and JKA (Joint
Kestutis Command) leader J. Zemaitis (Lukas) about the formation of VGPV (Vyriausioji ginkluotuju pajegu
vadovybe - Supreme Armed Forces Leadership). A. Baltusis proposed that each Command should have two
representatives on VGPS (Vyriausiasis ginkluotuju pajegu stabas - Supreme Armed Forces Headquarters); in
between meetings of the Leadership the partisans would take orders from the leader of the Armed Forces and
the Chairman of the BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) Presidium. J. Zemaitis proposed that
political leadership should be limited to Southern Lithuania; military leadership would stay with JKA (Joint
Kestutis Command). He suggested that A. Baltusis transfer to Zemaitijà; the latter declined.
L-136, LKA11-11 VV
January 6, 1948.
Marijampole district, Veiveriai county, Pinciske village.
Death of TA (Tauras Command) Gelezinis Vilkas (“Iron Wolf”) Special Team command post OIC Captain P.
Vanagas (aka Nemunas or Vylius), Kestutis Special Team leader J. Jasaitis (Naktis – “Night”), 24th Maironis
Company leader Lieutenant J. Ciplijauskas (Sakalas – “Falcon”) and Lieutenant J. Balevicius (Briedis –
“Moose”). New leader of Kestutis Team is Lieutenant J. Brazys (Klajunas – “Wanderer”).
L-479, LK-607, LKA3-37 TA
16 January, 1948
Destruction of JKA (Joint Kestutis Command) Vaidotas Special Team bunker in Pagausantis village, Ariogala
county, Kedainys district. Death of leader Captain J. Ceponis (Tauragis) and other command post staff.
Destruction of printing press which was used to publish newspaper Laisves varpas (“Bell of Freedom”).
L-249, 486, LK-618, LKA13-6 KA
January 16, 1948
Hand grenade attack on premises of Communist Executive Committee of Merkine county, Varena district, site
of discussions about elections to local “soviets” (Councils). Lithuanian SSR finance minister Drobnys, LSSR
MGB interrogation squad deputy leader Lieutenant Colonel Mackevicius and LSSR MGB 2-N committee
operative Popov escape with minor injuries.
LPK-541 DA
Beginning of 1948.
VCA (Vytis Command) command post consists of: leader D. Vaitelis, deputy J. Kilijonas (Mikas – “Mike”),
command post district leader A. Sivys (Salapka), adjutant A. Smetona (Zygaudas) and A. Pakelaitis.
LKA10-21 VCA
Beginning of 1948.
Revival of ZA (Samogitian Command) Satrija Special Team command post. First leader is I. Sapkunas
(Meisteris – “Master”), then from April 1949 K. Andriuska (Linksmutis – “Happy”).
L-269, 487 ZA
February 2, 1948
Gulbiniskiai village, Pilviskiai county, Vilkaviskis district.
Death of head of VGPS (Supreme Armed Forces Headquarters) and leader of PLP (South Lithuania Partisans)
and TA (Tauras Command), A. Baltusis (Zvejys – “Fisherman”) in his native village, betrayed by female enemy
agent Tiesa (“Truth”). Finding himself surrounded by enemy troops he shot himself, as did two command post
guards, partisans J. Balsys (Dobilas – “Clover”) and P. Zaldaris (Sapalas – “Chub”).
L-172, LK-626, LKA3-37 VV, TA
February 2, 1948
Death, on the day of his 41st birthday, of head of ALA (Algirdas Command) press and eduction section, editor
of partisan publications, former teacher at Niuronai village (Anyksciai county) school, poet Jurgis Urbonas
(Lakstutis – “Nightingale”).
VAA ALA
February 13, 1948
Budvieciai village, Liubavas county, Lazdijai region.
Death in battle of seven fighters of TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas Special Team 43rd Company; another
captured alive. Company commander A. Rutkauskas (Miskinis – “Bushman”) manages to escape.
L-172, LKA3-37 TA
February 1948
J. Markulis informs VCA (Vytis Command) leader D. Vaitelis that he is leaving Vilnius and transferring
responsibility for communication with “Vilnius headquarters” to others. D. Vaitelis agrees to keep in touch with
J. Markulis to a certain extent, but rejects the idea of “passive resistance” and refuses to come out of the forest.
LKA11-46 VCA
March 1, 1948
S. Grumbinas (Audra – “Storm”) appointed leader of VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys Special Team. Deputy is
P. Racinskas (Zaibas – “Lightning”), adjutant - P. Cicenas (Zalgiris). S. Grumbinas arrested on 19 March.
DL-108, L-303, LKA16-132 VA
March 18, 1948
Ciudiskiai village, Prienai county.
Death of A. Varkala (aka Zaliukas – “Greenie” or Daumantas), head of military intelligence section of TA
(Tauras Command) and leader of Gelezinis Vilkas (“Iron Wolf”) Special Team and two command post staff.
New leader is J. Baltrusaitis (Tigras – “Tiger”).
L-173, 479, LK-625, LKA3-38 TA
March 20, 1948
Council of Ministers of Lithuanian SSR decides to begin establishing collective farms in Lithuania. G-119 OK
March 24, 1948 By order of commander of VA (Vytautas Command) P. Racinskas (Zaibas – “Lightning”) is
appointed interim leader of Lokys (“Bear”) Special Team, adjutant - P. Cicenas (Zalgiris). Team has two
companies: Ersketis (“Blackthorn”) and Vytis. Newsletter Sutemu keleivis (“Twilight Traveller”) resumes
publication.
L-303, LKA16-86 VA
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
War Chronicle of the Partisans: Part VII
April 1, 1948
Foundation of Prisikelimo apygarda (PA) [Revival Command], led by P. Bartkus (Mazrimas); consisted of
Vovere ("Squirrel"), Atzalynas ("Regrowth") and P. Luksys' teams; command post in forest of Duktas, Siauliai
district.
L-274, 281, 488 PA
April 3, 1948
Zibininkai forest, Kretinga district. Partisans ambush and kill P. Jasinskis, head of soviet militia of Palanga
county.
AKL-30 ZA
April 4, 1948
Lieutenant J. Alescikas (Rymantas) is elected leader of TA (Tauras Command), while continuing to lead PLP
(South Lithuania Partisans) and Birute Special Team.
L-173, 479, LKA3-38 TA
April 18, 1948
Partisans explode a mine during a dance at a club in Merkine, killing a NKVD lieutenant and 2 civilians, injuring
19 people.
L-33, AKL-81 DA
April 23, 1948
Re-established Zalioji ("Green") Special Team is incorporated into PA (Revival Command). This Team later
absorbs partisans who were former Sauliai (“Shooters” – Army Reserve Riflemen) from former (Atzalynas -
"Regrowth") Special Team, which is disbanded in September 1948. Leader of Zalioji (Green) Special Team is
P. Masilaitis (aka as Margis ["Dapple"] or Virpsa).
L-274, 488, LKA8-6, 22 PA
April 28, 1948
Kulcikai village, Barzdai county, Sakiai district. Death of TA (Tauras Command) command post OIC, leader of
Zalgiris* ("Grünwald") Special Team, V. Strimas (Sturmas - "Storm"). L-173, 479, LK-617 TA * Zalgiris
(which means 'green wood') is the Lithuanian translation of the Prussian place-name Grünwald, site of the
famous Battle of Grünwald (also known as the Battle of Tannenberg) of 1410 in which a combined army of
Lithuanians and Poles, led by Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania, defeated the armies of the Teutonic Knights
and effectively put an end to Germanic expansion in Eastern Europe. Therefore, in Lithuanian, Zalgiris is
synonymous with victory.
May 1, 1948
Meeting of leadership of VA, ALA and DKA, with participation of STL leader J. Kimstas (Zalgiris).
Condemnation of treasonous activities of J. Markulis; decision to change LLA (Lithuanian Freedom Army) to
LP (Lithuanian Partisans) in the names of the Commands. Founders of collective farms are to be considered
saboteurs and suitably punished; collectivisation condemned as an impoverishment of the country.
L-285, LK-285, LKA16-5, 24, 121 ALA, DKA, RL, VA
May 5, 1948
VLA-Jura (Western Lithuania – Maritime Command) formed from JKA (Joint Kæstutis Command), ZA
(Samogitian Command) and PLA (Southern Lithuania Command). Leader is J. Zemaitis (Zaltys – “Grass
Snake”), deputies are PLA leader P. Bartkus and ZA leader A. Milasevicius (aka Radvila or Ruonis – “Seal”).
Main aim of this region’s leadership is to form a Supreme Leadership for the Lithuanian underground movement.
L-226, 250, 485, LKA13-8 KA, PA, VL, ZA
May 7, 1948
Varena county, near Barciai village. Partisans prepare an ambush for Soviet sympathisers and Communist Party
activists who were selling Soviet government bonds. Of the accompanying military and collaborators, nine were
killed and ten injured.
AKL-82, LKA17-117, LPK-546 DA
May 13, 1948
Ukmerge district, Taujenai county, near Juodvisine village. Death of VCA (Vytis Command) leader D. Vaitelis
(Briedis – “Moose”), deputy J. Kilijonas (Mikas) and district command post chief A. Syvis (Salapka). Surviving
deputy A. Smetona (Zygaudas) becomes new leader of Vytis Command.
L-318, 492, LKA10-21, KV-68 VCA
MAy of 1948
Bubiliai forest, Kretinga district. Death of ZA (Samogitian Command) Kardas (“Sword”) Special Team leader
(since 1946) J. Kekstas (Drulis); new leader is J. Jucius (Antanaitis – “Son of Anthony”).
L-266, 487 ZA
May 22-23, 1948
Mass deportations; families of partisans and their supporters targeted.
LGT-424 OK
May 25, 1948 05 25
VA (Vytautas Command) leader publishes edict Nr. 2, stipulating that any citizen of Lithuania who refuses to
assist people fleeing deportation should by punished by total confiscation of property; any who betray the
refugees’ hiding place should be shot as traitors to the nation.
DL-101 VA
June 1, 1948
First issue of PA (Revival Command) newspaper Prisikelimo ugnis (“Revival Fire”). PA also publishes several
anthologies of poems and prose. Several poets worked at the PA command post, including P. Bartkus
(Alkupenas), V. Sniuolis (Vytenis), B. Liesys (Naktis – “Night”) and others.
L-278, 279 PA
June 6, 1948
Partisans of ZA (Samogitian Command) Nemunas brigade attack the town of Veivirzenai in the district of
Kretinga: 4 stribai shot dead, 3 wounded, 1 captured.
AKL-29, L-488, LKA17-115 ZA
June 8, 1948
VL (Western Lithuania) regional leader J. Zemaitis begins creation of Supreme Leadership. A. Milasevicius
(Ruonis – “Seal”) appointed leader of VL; command post OIC is V. Guzas (aka Zigmas or Galiandra); agitation
and propaganda chief is A. Liesys (aka Tonis or Idenas); other command post staff were V. Ivanauskas (aka
Vytenis or Henrikas). The command post did not have a fixed location; its staff went about assisting other
command posts to reorganise.
L-226, 227, 485, LKA13-8 VL, VV
June of 1948
VA (Vytautas Command) military intelligence chief J. Buterliauskas (Tarzanas – “Tarzan”) is arrested; under
torture he reveals the location of several meeting places and about 10 bunkers; 11 people arrested as a result.
LKA16-24, 42 VA
June of 1948
New leadership of ZA (Samogitian Command): leader is V. Montvydas (Zemaitis); deputy N. Kersys
(Napoleonas – “Napoleon”); command post OIC J. Cesna (Zentas – “Son-in-law”); finances director B. Aluza
(Bedalis); agitation and propaganda chief V. Stirbys (former parish priest of Pasile); liaison officer J. Kentra
(Tigras – “Tiger”).
L-227, 269, 488, LKA7-4, LPK-692 ZA
June 26, 1948
Armaliskis village, Aukstoji Panemune county, Kaunas region. Betrayal leads to death of A. Vabalas
(Gediminas), last member of the BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) Presidium founded by A.
Baltusis (Zvejys – “Fisherman”). He was president of the Court Martial Tribunal and editor of TA (Tauras
Command) newspaper Laisves zvalgas (“Freedom Herald”).
LBD-195, 196, LPK-672 TA, VV
June 30, 1948
VCA (Vytis Command) leader A. Smetona (Zygaudas) issues order Nr. 3 which divides the Command into 4
regions: 2 of the regions are in Panevezys district, and 1 each in Ukmerge and Kedainiai districts.
L-318, 492, LKA10-21, 23 VCA
By 1948
MGB tracks down and annihilates Rambynas Special Team, which had been operating in the Klaipeda region.
Arrest of 30 partisans and Team leader J. Jurkaitis.
LKA13-13 KA
Summer of 1948
JKA (Joint Kæstutis Command) is renamed Kæstutis Command (KA).
L-233 KA
July 5, 1948
Daugai town, Alytus district. Partisans throw a hand grenade into a dance club: 3 communist activists killed, 8
wounded.
AKL-13, L-220 DA
July 7-9, 1948
Baden-Baden, West Germany. Meeting of VLIK (Supreme Committee for the Independence of Lithuania) and
representatives of the Lithuanian resistance movement. Participants were prof. J. Kaminskas, academic M.
Krupavicius, J. Brazaitis, V. Sidzikauskas, J. Luksa, J. Deksnys and (with observer status) J. Pajaujis. It was
decided that the Lithuanian freedom-fighting activities within Lithuania should be directed by a body which
united the various resistance movements; outside the country activities would be coordinated by VLIK. The
Lithuanian underground movement would have an official representative to liaise with VLIK abroad. J. Deksnys
resolved to abolish the BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) delegation abroad by the first of
August 1948. Later J. Deksnys founded LRS (Lietuvos rezistencine santara - Lithuanian Resistance Council),
which aspired to represent abroad the interests of the Lithuanian resistance.
L-137, LK-489-495, 6-68 VV
July 10-12, 1948
Creation of VLKSO (Vieningos laisves kovos sàjudzio organizacija - United Freedom Fight Movement
Organisation) under the leadership of J. Zemaitis (Vytautas) and deputies - the zone leaders. Aim was to re-
establish a Supreme Leadership for the Lithuanian resistance movement, since the BDPS (General Democratic
Resistance Movement) of A. Baltusis (Zvejys - "Fisherman") was now completely destroyed.
L-139, LKA3-52 VV
July of 1948
Creation of KA (Kæstutis Command) command post in Erzvilkas county, Taurage district. Leader is H.
Danilevicius (Vidmantas), former leader of Lydys ("Pike") Special Team. Command post OIC is R. Gedvilas
(aka Remigijus or Sidabras - "Silver"). The command post operated until April of 1949 and published the
newsletter Laisves varpas ("Bell of Freedom").
L-250, 486, LKA13-8 KA
July of 1948
MGB agent Obelinskas (J. Rudzionis, partisan code name Cerberlenas) infiltrates PA (Revival Command)
Zalioji ("Green") Special Team. At the end of 1948 he becomes the Team's command post OIC. In 1949 the
Team is destroyed. On 11 April 1949 a PA court martial tries J. Rudzionis in absentia and sentences him to
death.
L-275, LKA8-7 PA
July 27, 1948
VLKSO (United Freedom Fight Movement Organisation) leader J. Zemaitis (Vytautas) appoints L. Grigonis
(aka Uzpalis or Krivis) leader of PA (Revival Command) in place of P. Bartkus (Zadgaila), who had become
chief of the organisational sector at the VLKSO command post.
LKA3-52, LKA7-79 PA
July 27, 1948
VLKSO (United Freedom Fight Movement Organisation) leader J. Zemaitis (Vytautas) comes to PA (Revival
Command); it is decided to create a Supreme Leadership base in the forest of Duktas, district of Siauliai.
LKA3-52, LKA7-79 VV
August 4, 1948
Meeting of partisan leaders in northeast Lithuania decides: delegates to Supreme Leadership to be regional
leader J. Kimstis (Zalgiris) and DKA (Great Battle Command) command post OIC J. Sibaila (Diedukas –
“Grandad”); northeast Lithuania leadership to be named after King Mindaugas (code name in written texts -
Kalnu [highlands] ); DKA Special Team B is elevated to the status of a Command, leaders are A. Sluckas
(Sarunas), deputy V. Kaulinis (aka Miskinis – “Bushman”, or Utenis), adjutant B. Zukauskas (Commandant),
communications officer A. Kubilius (Rugstimis), VD chief B. Kazickas (aka Saulius or Krivaitis).
L-140, 285, 334, 489, 494, LKA3-54, LK16-5 RL, DKA
August 5, 1948
Leader of SRL (northeast Lithuania) region appoints A. Morkunas (Plienas – “Steel”), former leader of DKA
(Great Battle Command) Special Team B, as leader of DKA.
VDr DKA
August 10, 1948
Jonuciai village, Garliava county, Kaunas district. Death of PLP (South Lithuania Partisans) and TA (Tauras
Command), J. Alescikas (Rymantas). Zalgiris (“Grünwald”) Special Team leader V. Vitkauskas (Saidokas)
becomes interim TA leader.
L-173, 477, 479, LKA3-39 PL, TA
August 10, 1948 (14)
Alove township, Alytus district. Death of 8 people, including an MGB officer, when partisans throw a bomb into
the Alove community hall during the screening of an MGB propaganda film.
L-33, AKL-13, (L-220) DA
August of 1948
MGB agents shoot all the members of ZA (Samogitian Command) Alka Special Team command post, which
had been led by K. Venckus Adomaitis. In its place the MGB establish spurious Alka command post controlled
by them. Alka Team ceased operations in 1949.
L-267, 487 ZA
August of 1948
Kunigaikstis Margiris (“Duke Margiris”) Special Team, which had been active in Rokiskis, Kupiskis, Panevezys
and Anyksciai districts under the leadership of J. Kemeklis (aka Rokas or Rimtutis) becomes part of ALA
(Algimantas Command).
L-337, 493 ALA
August 21, 1948
Near Sabaliskiai village, Zarasai district. Partisans of VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys Special Team led by P.
Racinskas destroy an automobile carrying 7 armed pro-Soviet activists.
LKA16-87 VA
September of 1948
Hired assassins in the pay of MGB murder a group of partisans of DKA Special Team A led by A. Praskevicius
(Narsuolis – “Intrepid”) and J. Cerniauskas (Vaidotas). The murderous mission was overseen by MGB agent
“Bagdonas” (A. Zaskevicius), on orders from MGB headquarters.
L-333, LPK-66 DKA
September 1, 1948
DKA (Great Battle Command) leader A. Morkunas (Plienas - "Steel") issues Order Nr. 1 which changes the
name of DKA Special Team B to DKA, appoints J. Sibaila (Diedukas - "Grandpa") command post OIC;
organisational section - J. Jurys (Zilvinas; V. Dleiznys (Sarunas) - military intelligence; A. Lescius (Salteksna) -
information and press; V. Imbrasas (Tarzan) - finances; F. Snyrys (Timuras) - finances.
VDr DKA
September 8, 1948
Purviskiai village, Taurage county. Betrayal causes death of 15 partisans; 2 wounded and captured.
RZ-60 KA
September of 1948
VLKSI / VLKSO ( United Freedom Fight Movement Organisation) leader J. Zemaitis (Vytautas) meets with S.
Raziulis (Mazylis), leader of Siauliai (aka as Vytautas Didysis [Vytautas the Great] or Atzalynas [Regrowth])
Special Team. They decide to dissolve the Team; S. Raziulis is transferred to Maritime region command post,
the rest of the Team members are transferred to Zalioji (“Green”) Special Team.
LKA8-56 VL, PA
September of 1948 (11 25) (08)
V. Voveris (Zaibas – “Lightning”) is appointed leader of DA (Dainava Command) Kazimieraitis Special Team.
L-202, LPK-719, (LN-434), (6-178) DA
Autumn of 1948
A. Liesys (Tonis) appointed to lead a special group of ZA (Samogitian Command) to maintain liaison between
the command posts of ZA and VL (Western Lithuania) or Jura (Maritime) regions and among the various units
of ZA.
LKA7-4A ZA
October 8, 1948
A. Grybinas (Faustas) appointed leader of TA (Tauras Command).
L-174, 480 TA
October 20, 1948
Meeting at the TA (Tauras Command) Gelezinis Vilkas (Iron Wolf) command post between TA leader A.
Grybinas (Faustas) and DA (Dainava Command) representative S. Stabiskis (Litas). They decided that, given
the death of PLP (South Lithuania Partisans) command post OIC J. Alescikas (Rymantas), TA and DA
Commands would merge to form Pietu Lietuvos (PL) [South Lithuanian) region. DA leader A. Ramanauskas
(Vanagas – “Hawk”) is appointed interim leader of PL region.
L-154, 477, 483, LK-287, 288, LKA9-183 TA
October 27, 1948
Trakai district, near Onuskis. Partisans of Kazimieraitis Special Team led by V. Voveris (Zaibas – “Lightning”)
arrange an ambush and kill all 18 (or 19) members of an operative-military group, capturing 2 machine guns and
other weaponry.
L-220, LPK-551, (LBD-259, 309) DA
October-November of 1948
DA (Dainava Command) command post infiltrated by 2 agents of Lithuanian SSR MGB “2nd committee”:
Kostas Kubilinskas (MGB code name Varnas – “Raven”; underground name Kapsas) and A. Slinkys (MGB
code name Rytas – “Morning”; underground name Vilnis – “Wave”).
L-207, LBD-259, LKA-165 DA, OK
November 10-12, 1948
Duktas (town), Siauliai district. Meeting of representatives of VL (Western Lithuania) and RL (Eastern
Lithuania) regions. J. Zemaitis (Vytautas), J. Sibaila (Merainis), P. Bartkus (Zadgaila) and J. Kimstas (Zygunas)
re-establish Supreme Leadership for underground movement, retaining for it the name BDPS (General
Democratic Resistance Movement) and the name VLKSO (United Freedom Fight Movement Organisation) for
the Defence Forces (Ginkluotosios pajegos - GP). J. Zemaitis is appointed interim BDPS Presidium chairman;
J. Kimstas - BDPS GP command post OIC; J. Sibaila - BDPS community section; B. Bartkus – secretary. The
meeting condemned the provocative activities of J. Markulis and expressed gratitude to fighters of the PL (South
Lithuania) region for their work in helping to centralise the movement. They introduced a new battle unit – the
tevunija (squad) and a new structural unit – the rajonas (region).
L-140,488, LK-289, LKA3-54, LKA16-88, LKA10-31 VV
November 14, 1948 (1948 09)
A. Ramanauskas (Vanagas – “Hawk”), leader of DA (Dainava Command) and interim leader of PL (South
Lithuania) region, departs for partisan leaders’ meeting in West Lithuania, appoints as acting DA leader B.
Labenas (Kariunas – “Warrior”), the leader of Sarunas Special Team; S. Staniskis (Litas) is appointed DA
deputy leader.
L-207, LK-293, (LK-601) DA
November of 1948
SRL (Northeast Lithuania) partisan region is renamed RL (East Lithuania) region.
L-285, LPK-559 RL
December 10, 1948
Acceptance by UN of Universal Declaration of Human Rights gives partisans new hope.
VV
December 16, 1948
Vytis Company leader B. Vaicenas (Liubartas) is appointed leader of VA (Vytautas Command) Lokys (“Bear”)
Special Team press and education section.
DL-72 VA
December 31, 1948
MGB creates another spurious BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) from its agents; appoints
agent “Vytautas” chairman of the spurious BDPS Presidium.
LKA5-47, LKA8-59 OK
January 20, 1949
Liepynai village, Marijampole county. Treachery leads to death of TA (Tauras Command) Vytautas Special
Team leader K. Greblikas (Sakalas – “Falcon”), command post OIC J. Vasiliauskas (aka Skydas [“Shield”] or
Algimantas) and head of finances section, V. Krunkaitis (Herbas – “Blazon”); in May V. Gavenas (Granitas –
“Granite”) is appointed new leader.
L-480, LBD-185, LK-620, LKA3-41 TA
January 25, 1949
GP (Defence Forces) leader J. Zemaitis issues order Nr. 15 about the establishment of an occasional
information bulletin for leaders.
LKA7-71 VV
February 2-22, 1949
Minaiciai village, between Baisiogala and Radviliskis. Meeting of partisans from all parts of Lithuania at the PA
(Revival Command) command post. Participants: BDPS (General Democratic Resistance Movement) Presidium
chairman J. Zemaitis (Vytautas); secretary P. Bartkus (Zadgaila); community section leader J. Sibaila (Merainis);
interim leader of PL (South Lithuania) Region A. Ramanauskas (Vanagas – “Hawk”); TA (Tauras Command)
leader A. Grybinas (Faustas); PA (Revival Command) leader L. Grigonis (Uzpalis); VL (West Lithuania) region
command post OIC V. Guzas (Kardas – “Sword”); PA command post leader B. Liesys (Naktis – “Night”). 23
items on the agenda. In order to avoid confusion with the MGB-run organisation calling itself BDPS , it was
decided that from 10 February the real BDPS would be renamed LLKS (Lietuvos laisves kovos sàjudis –
“Lithuanian Freedom Fighters’ Union”). Approval was given to sections 1 and 2 of the LLKS constitution
drawn up by J. Zemaitis and P. Bartkus. On 16 February (Lithuanian Independence Day) participants signed a
declaration stating that the ultimate aim of the partisans’ campaign was the re-establishment of a Lithuanian
parliamentary republic on the model of that which existed 1920-1926. Awards were presented to partisans with
distinguished service. Consideration was given to future directions for tactical activity, links with groups abroad
and activity in the Klaipeda region. An appeal was issued to all armed underground participants and to the
whole nation. LLKS Presidium elected: chairman - J. Zemaitis (also interim leader of Defence Forces);
members - P. Bartkus, B. Liesys, J. Sibaila. Two places on presidium reserved for PL representatives. J.
Zemaitis is awarded rank of General (of freedom fighters).
L-141, 142, 155, 488, LK-(296-307), 584, LKA3-54, 55, LKA7-70 VV
February 10, 1949
Meeting of partisans from all parts of Lithuania renames PL (South Lithuania) region “Nemunas” region; A.
Ramanauskas (Vanagas – “Hawk”) is confirmed region leader.
L-155, 478 PL
February 13, 1949
Village of Siauliai, Anyksciai county. Death by betrayal of ALA (Algimantas Command) Sarunas Special Team
Jovaras Company leader J. Grazys (aka Viesulas – “Whirlwind” or Leonas), P. Mameniskis (aka Jonas or
Spekuliantas – “Speculator”) and J. Zàsinas. TRr, LKA16-126 ALA 1949 02 Forest of Vareikiai, Jonava
county. Chekist* army led by MGB officer Luzgin destroys DKA (Great Battle Command) Slyva group
bunker, killing group leader E. Svilas (Slyva – “Plum”), V. Vinckus (Kardys), Viktoras (surname unknown, aka
Titnagas “Flint”) and a partisan known as Gintaras (“Amber” – real name not recorded).
GK DKA
February 25, 1949
LLKS (Lithuanian Freedom Fighters’ Union) executive meeting decides to launch an official LLKS Supreme
Leadership publication "Prie rymancio Rupintojelio".
LK-320, LN3-310 VV
March 7, 1949
Kalesninkai forest, Daugai county, Alytus district. MGB agents K. Kubilinskas and A. Skinkys in DA (Dainava
Command) command post bunker shoot Sarunas Special Team leader B. Lapenas (Kariunas – “Warrior”) and
tell MGB the location of DA Kazimieraitis Special Team command post bunker, resulting in an attack on the
bunker by enemy forces, who kill Team leader V. Voveris (Zaibas – “Lightning”) and 3 other partisans.
L-202, 207, LBD-282-292, LK-601, LN3-432, 489, KDK DA
March 14, 1949
Destruction of PA (Revival Command) Zalioji (Green) Special Team command post; death of leader P.
Masilaitis (aka Margis [“Dapple”], Virpsa, or Giria [“Grove”]).
L-488 PA
March 15, 1949
Partisans of Lokys (“Bear”) Special Team, acting on orders from the leadership of RL (East Lithuania) region,
begin a widespread anti-kolchoz (collective farm) campaign: by year’s end they have liquidated 14 communist
activists and their families; they cut off the hair of kolchoz "pioneers" and shaved off the beards of pro-Soviet
Russian Orthodox “old believers”.
LKA16-89 VA
March of 1949
TA (Tauras Command) Kæstutis and Birute Special Teams dissolved due to diminishing number of partisan
fighters available. Four “tevunijos” (squads) formed in Zalgiris (“Grünwald”) Special Team: Sturmas (“Attack”);
Vasario 16- oji (“16th February” [Lithuanian Independence Day]); Darius and Girenas [Lithuanian pioneer
aviators]; and Trispalve veliava (“Tricolour Flag”) – which was dissolved in June 1950. In Vytautas Special
Team three “tevunijos” (squads) formed: Àzuolas (“Oak”); Kæstutis; and Gediminas – which was dissolved in
February 1950. Three squads also formed in Gelezinis Vilkas (“Iron Wolf”) Special Team: Gediminas, Vytis
and Desinys. The command structure was not changed after this.
L-175, 183-185, LKA3-42 TA
March 17, 1949
Latvia, forest of Lielauce. Enemy troops surround joint Lithuanian- Latvian partisan unit in fortified bunker. 3
hour battle: partisans led by P. Gelazius (Kluonis), deputy of Krauja Kârlis (“Bloody Charles”). Eight Latvians
and seven Lithuanians killed, including P. Gelazius. Seven Latvians and two Lithuanians captured.
NPD-97, 98 PA
March 18, 1949
Siauliai district, Pakruojis county, Laipuskiai village. Death in battle of ALA (Algimantas Command) command
post OIC and leader of Zalioji (“Green”) Special Team, V. Cesnakavicius (Daujotas). J. Janusevicius (Raksnys)
becomes new command post OIC and Team leader.
L-339, LK-595, LKA-34, 38 ALA
March 24, 1949
Utena district, Leliunai county, Nonenai village, farmstead of J. Simonelis. Acting on advice from MGB agent
Eserys (“Redfin”), enemies destroy VA (Vytautas Command) command post bunker. In a two hour battle 7
partisans are killed, including Commander V. Kaulinis (Miskinis – “Bushman”). New Commander is leader of
Liutas (“Lion”) Special Team, B. Kalytis (aka Siaubas [“Terror”] or Liutauras).
AL-283, L-304, 490, LK-606, LKA16-24, 43, LPK-559 VA
1949 (late March)
A. Ramanauskas, leader of Nemunas district, calls meeting of TA (Tauras Command) leaders, explains
decisions of LLKS (Lithuanian Freedom Fighters’ Union) executive meeting.
L-155 TA
March-May of 1948
Mass deportations (to Siberia) of the families of the partisans and their supporters. The Soviet authorities
referred to them as “bourgeois elements”, in slang "buozes" (which literally means “knobs” – “kulak” in Russian).
LGT-424 OK
April of 1949 (03)
Leadership of Jura (Maritime) region dismiss from his duties KA (Kestutis Command) leader H. Danilevicius
(Vidmantas) for going AWOL [absent without leave] in Kaunas. “Vidmantas” continued partisan service with
ALA (Algimantas Command), acting as VL (West Lithuania) representative. He was replaced as leader of KA
by A. Miliulis (aka Neptunas [“Neptune”] or Algimantas), the former leader of Butageidziai Special Team; new
deputy is S. Venckaitis (Biliunas); R. Gedvilas (aka Remigijus, Sidabras [“Silver”]) continues as command post
OIC.
L-227, 251, 486, LKA13-9, (LK-621) KA
April 20, 1949
VCA (Vytis Command) leader A. Smetona (Zygaudas) issues Order Nr. 2 to establish two special teams:
Kristaponis Special Team, to operate in Panevezys district, led by J. Baltusnikas (Vienuolis – “Monk”); and
Briedis (“Moose”) Special Team, to operate in Ukmerge and part of Kedainiai districts, led by M. Semezys
(Aras). A. Smetona’s deputy – who is also command post OIC – is K. Tvaska (Rugelis – “Rye”). The
command post publishes a newsletter "Lietuva brangi" (“Dear Lithuania” [the name of a popular patriotic song]).
L-315, 318, 492, LKA10-23, 26 VCA
May 1, 1949
Swedes assist 3 Lithuanians, 2 Estonians and 1 Latvian to come ashore in Lithuania near the village of
Manciske. K. Pyplys (Audronis) rejoined TA (Tauras Command). J. Deksnys (Prapuolenis) was captured by
the MGB and became “agent Petrenko”. The MGB used him to spread disinformation abroad via “radio
games”, and for propaganda purposes within Lithuanian via press and cinema.
LK-499, LKA5-54 TA, VV
To Be Continued
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